Conditions for Equilibrium Essay Example for Free

Conditions for symmetry EssayWhen we say sense of equilibrium, it is a state of balance. It is a condition where there is no change in the state of motion of a soulfulnessate. Equilibrium also may be at rest or moving within a constant velocity. A simple windup(prenominal) torso is said to be in equilibrium if no part of it is accelerating, unless it is disturbed by an senselesscurricular force. Two conditions for equilibrium are that the net force performing on the object is zero, and the net contortion acting on the object is zero. Thus, the following objectives were emphasized in this experiment to determine the equilibrant force use the force tcapable and the omponent method, to determine the unnoticeable forces using the showtime condition and second conditions for equilibrium, to locate the nerve join of gloom of a conf employ embody, and to demonstrate rational equilibrium. 2. Theory Equilibrant is equal in magnitude to the incident but oppositely direc ted. The premier(prenominal) condition of equilibrium is when a body at rest or moving with uniform velocity has zero acceleration.The focus of Gravity is the point where the tip of a body is assumed concentrate. The second condition of equilibrium is satisfied when the sum f all torques acting on an object about any axis equals zero. In bodily function 1, TA or the focus acting on the st dance band is the weight of the pan A cocksure the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 TB or the tension acting on the string is the weight of the pan B plus the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 Experimental Equilibrant is the weight of the pan A plus the weight added to it. Theoretical Equilibrant= % Error = Exp. Theoretical X 100 Theoretical In activity 2, the equation Tl T2 cos e = O was used. From the equation, was derived to get the time value ofT2 where, Tl is the reading on he recant scale when the signal flag is exactly at the marrow of the ring e is the angle of the string polish offs with the flat Experimental angle = T2 sin e Theoretical Weight= In activity 3, to check the results, the certain computing of sum of sobriety was used. Where XC and YC are the line ups of the center of sobriety of the circle, XS and YS of the center of gravity of the composite fgure.In activity 4, the equation was used, where, Xl is the length of the cylinder used X2 is the length of the center of gravity of the cylinder. And X3 is the length of the cylinder minus the 5. 0 cm. . Methodology There are 4 different kinds of activity in the experiment to determine the conditions for equilibrium. The materials used were the following Force table and accessories, force board, cylinder of mystical weight, restrain scale, electronic gram balance, card board, aluminum discontinue, cylinder of unknown weight, and protractor. For activity 1, the group used a force table, its three pans and accessories.The three pans were weighed and labeled as A, B a nd C. Pan A was hung at 30 degree mark and a 100g was placed on it whereas on pan B a150 g was placed and was hung at 200 degree mark. The group balanced the two tensions in the strings by placing weight on the pan C or adjusting its position in the force table to attain the magnitude and position of the equilibrant. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using the component method. The group then computed the % hallucination using the values obtained by the component method as your accepted value for magnitude as well as direction.Figure 1 Set-up for activity 1 For activity 2, a cylinder of unknown weight was suspended on the force board by means of two strings. A bounds scale was then attached to one of the strings. One member of the group pulled the string horizontally until the pin was exactly at the middle of the ring. The reading on the spring scale was recorded as Tl . Another member of the group measured the angle that the other string makes with the h orizontal and solved for the tension T2 of the other spring and the weight of a cylinder.Percent error was computed after. For activity 3, the group used a circle of diameter 10cm and a firm of side 10 cm from the card board. The circle and the square was weighed and recorded as wc and Ws. The group determined the center f gravity of the composite fgure by using the balancing method and composite method. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein the plumb bob method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from any point and measured where it intersects on the composite fgure.Figure 2 balancing Method Figure 3 Plumbing Method For activity 4, the group first located the center of gravity of the aluminum bar by balancing it on a pencil. The cylinder used in activity 2 was hung 5. 0 cm from one end of the bar. Using the force board, the aluminum bar was supported by means of spring scale on the end and a string on the oth er end until the bar assumes a horizontal position. The group used the second condition for equilibrium to determine the weight of the bar and the tension in the string. Percent error was also computed. . Results and Discussion drill 1 Tensions Magnitude (N) Position(0) TAI. 3105 300 1. 7962 2000 Experimental Equilibrant 0. 6241 3600 Theoretical Equilibrant 0. 5545 3560 % Error Table 1 Results of legal action 1 Table 1 shows the magnitude and the positions of the equilibrants and the tensions acting on the pans. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using he component method. The % error was computed using the values obtained by the component method as the accepted value for magnitude and the direction.Some movers that contributed the 13% error in this activity were the accuracy of the force table and its accessories used. Activity 2 Tl (N) 63 N (0) 440 T2 (N) 8. 7 N Experimental Weight (N) 6 N Theoretical Weight (N) 6. 3 N % Error 13. 2% Free Body Diagram of ring Table 2 Results of Activity 2 Table 2 shows the different unknown forces acting on the cylinder using the first condition for equilibrium. Some factors that contributed the 13. % error in this activity were the accuracy of the spring scale used and the pulling of the string horizontally.Activity 3 Weight of Square= 8. 36 g Weight of Circle= 6. 94 g Method Center of Gravity X- coordinate Y coordinate Plumb line Method 10 5. 2 Balancing Method 9. 55 4. 5 numeration 9. 54 5 Table 3 Results of Activity 3 Table 3 shows the x and y coordinates of the center of gravity of the component fgure using plumb line method, balancing method and the actual computation. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein he plumb method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from computation was written in the manual.Activity 4 Reading of Spring Scale (N) 5 N Weight of cylinder (N) 5. 3238 N Experimental Weight of bar(N) 0. 7418 N Theoret ical Weight of bar(N) 0. 7977 N % Error 7% Free Body Diagram of bar Table 4 Results of Activity 4 Table 4 shows the different unknown forces acting on the bar using the second condition for equilibrium. One factor that contributed the 7% error was due to the person holding the string at one end to make the cylinder bar in horizontal position 5. Conclusion Different activities in this experiment were polished to understand more about the conditions for equilibrium.Based from the results obtained by the group in the different activities, the group was able to determine the equilibrant force by using the force table and the component method. The unknown forces using the first and second conditions for equilibrium were determined. Using the square and circle fgure, the center of gravity of a composite body was located. Rotational equilibrium was demonstrated because the sum of all of the torques equals zero 6. Application 1 . State the first condition for equilibrium. If a body is in e quilibrium, are there no forces acting on it?Equilibrium means the sum of all forces in all directions is equal to zero. It doesnt mean that there are no forces acting on it. It Just means that the forces that are acting on it are equal and opposite. 2. The Russell hairgrip system is used for a fractured femur. Identify the forces acting on the femur. If the weight hang is 5. 0 kg, take note the force needed to immobilize the femur. What will supply this force? 3. What happens to the center of gravity of a person under the following situations? A. ) His upper right extremity is amputated. B. He carries all his books using the right build up only. )When ones upper right extremity is amputated, the center of gravity of the person would lean towards the right part of the body since the gravitational force on the remaining arm will push the center of gravity towards the right. b) When a person carries his books using only his right arm, the pull of gravity on the book would push the center of gravity of the body towards the left. 4. Devise a way by which you could determine your center of gravity. If the object is improper in shape, the center of mass is always located closer to the more massive nd.Use tangle pens to outline your partners body on a division of butcher paper. Determine your partners approximate center of gravity by carefully cutting out the human outline and balancing it on your finger. Mark the center of gravity on your partners body with a piece of tape. Get a six foot piece of butcher paper and tape it feet. Mark their approximate center. Another way is to lie horizontally crosswise the arm of a couch. The point where you are balanced is your center of gravity. 5. In general, the womens centers of gravity tend to be lower than mens. Can you explain why?Womens centers of gravity tend to be lower than mens because women have a bigger pelvis area. The skeletal structure of women make it so that their pelvis is bigger, since they will need the extra support come the time that they become pregnant, and their bodies support a baby. This means that the lower body of women is in the main heavier in comparison to their whole body, as opposed to the lower body of men. This would make the center of gravity of women slightly lower, because more of their body mass is concentrated at the lower portion of their body.