How has automobiles made changes to our society and what do people Research Paper - 1

How has elevator cars do changes to our society and what do people think about automobiles - Research Paper Examplewever many firsts that were seen on the road to building a functional automobile that the modern world depends so much on, from unrivaled part of the present automobile to the next. Each part of the automobile has a rich history of concept from steam engines that pioneered, to electrical and gasoline driven engines that are seen today. Great custody, from Karl Benz, the man to have come up with the first practical automobile to the pioneer of assembly line production in the industry, Henry Ford. convey to years of innovation, steam engines that first power automobile prototypes were improved to the machines we use today to transport two ourselves and goods to different locations. All citizens of satellite are affected by the automobile even in the well-nigh remote parts of the world where roads as we know them as non-existent. We are able to shell out distances that would in the past take humanity months, in a matter of days thanks to the automobile. religious service is able to reach the needy in remote locations because of the automobile. E really individual on the face of our planet is positively affected by the automobile to the last person alive.Like Henry Ford tell I invented nothing red-hot. I simply assembled the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work. Had I worked fifty or ten or even five years before, I would have failed. So it is with every new thing. Progress happens when all the factors that make for it are ready, and then it is inevitable. To teach that a comparatively few men are responsible for the greatest forward steps of mankind is the worst sort of nonsense.The history of automobile is one of the most divisive subjects because it can be traced to the fifteenth century and was improved over centuries, which makes it very difficult to specifically spot its point of origin. Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot is within this entire division, credited with the first steam powered automobile in 1768. It was not until 1807 when Francois de Rivas came up with an

Comparison of Organizational Cultures of the United States versus Essay

Comparison of Organizational Cultures of the linked States versus Saudi-Arabian Arabia and the United Arab Emirates - Essay ExampleArguments in this paper flow from four cultural traits of effective organizations that intromit involvement, consistency, adaptability, and mission. The paper compares and contrasts the organizational cultures of the U.S and those of the Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates by applying elements such as collectivism versus one-on-oneism, femininity versus masculinity, orientation, and powerfulness distance.America organizational culture features a system of inclusive involvement whereby employees are rewarded for taking initiatives. The American system values accountability and empowerment. The American organization cultures stress the significance of accountability. The U.S. organizational culture provides a favorable environment for peak performance accompanied by extrinsic rewards. Aspects such as individual bonuses are tied to initiative and p ersonal accountability. The organization culture of the U.S. establishes conditions for achieving operational objectives. U.S. organization culture stresses the brilliance of values such as communication, innovation, collaboration, and stability, which influences the employees roles and expectations. The organizational culture of U.S. also encourages innovation and risk taking.Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates, which comprise part of Arab World, exhibits unique values and beliefs as reflected on the organizations practices and systems development, implementation and management. The two countries are hard dependent on foreign labor, especially in essential professional and skilled or good fields. Expatriates in the countries are hired contractually their jobs attract high extrinsic rewards. There is a pissed inclination in both(prenominal) countries for an increased preference for managerial positions. Survey conducted in organizations in both countries highlights conflictin g attitudes towards Western business models. However, most agree that they enhance organizational performance. Regulatory decisions within the

Buddhism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Buddhism - Essay ExampleBuddha then offered to heal her peasant only if she is able to bring a mustard seed given by a family who has non experienced death. Kisogatami searched and was able to find families willing to provide her with the mustard seed but to her dismay each one had experienced death at one point. In the end, Kisogatami understood that death comes to all and she eventually accepted the fact of her babys death (Matthews, p.115). The idea of death in Buddhism, much care in every other religion, is an satisfying and inevitable part of human life. But where death is unremarkably the end of a lifes cycle in others, the concept of rebirth is a reoccurring carry out until one reaches Nirvana which is essentially the state of existence free of egocentrism and the pang that it causes. Positively, it is joy and repose (ibid). Karmic destiny is understood to be an invisible force to which certain events and something that even moral justice is not included as opined by some since some Buddhists regard this as the causation of suffering brought nearly not by their doing and beyond any persons control. Weber (as cited by Keyes and Daniel, p.15) potfulnot be a logical solution to theodicy, since it points to an ultimate force that cannot be comprehended in logical terms. Cause and power best describes the notion of karma and how it affects the life of an individual. Fundamentally, man seeks to find an explanation to the suffering which one endures and religion can provide for a comprehensive elucidation to this predicament by offering various and largely acceptable enlightenments. Westerns philosophers are among the supporters of how the notion of karma and rebirth provides for a substantial explication of suffering and the problem evil. Extensively compared to the Christian rationalisation of evil, Max Weber and Arthur Henman together with Michael Stoeber points to the apparent logic of this Buddhist doctrines as a more levelheaded justificati on than the notion of purgatory (Kaufman, pp.15-16). Buddhism has greatly advanced its presence worldwide and the logical appreciation of karma brings it forth as a simple yet compelling belief which can be attributed to its acceptability. In the strict conditioned of theodicy, the conviction of God as an all-loving and all-knowing Supreme Being gives rise to the basic question of why does evil exist. This main concern of theodicy makes karma an inconsistent answer since as pointed out earlier, karma does not extensively converse nor expound on the same because mans suffering is by his hold doing base on previous acts or wrongdoings. Nevertheless, Kaufman maintains that a modern understanding of the concept would elucidate on karma and reincarnation as it provides for an easy response to why suffering exists. He then accedes to the five recognizable flaws in devotion of karma. The first is that one does not remember anything in what is supposed to be ones own past life and is thu s inimical to justice since he would never know for what he is being punished for. Second is the fact that there must be a correlation to the amount of suffering in consideration of what was previously done and in this case, similar to the previous one, there would be slip away difficulty in ascertaining what offense was previously committed. The third is what he refers to as infinite regress which points to speculative the beginning of the process and in this sense it ignores the question by the

Diversification Strategies of Southwest Airlines Essay - 1

Diversification Strategies of souwest Airlines - endeavor ExampleA component of the great strength the southwest Airlines encompasses is the immense understanding of the Herb which has consistently adhered to a pattern of maintaining low costs in whole the places it has gone. The Southwest Airline centers on coating, leadership, communication, hiring practices and interviewing, as rise as, the games that are used to motivate the employees of the airline. These areas best portray the caller that has created success through fanaticism after widespread research by the group. The understanding of Southwests leadership has allowed for the structuring, management, as well as, the motivation of employees. Leadership at the Southwest Airlines has played a paramount responsibility in the companys success. The definitions of leadership, whereas true in the majority of cases, are implemented extremely liberally at the Southwest Airlines. Leadership is a manner of life, desire, culture, as well as, dedication at the Southwest Airlines. Southwest focuses on individuals as people and recognizes them as valuable assets to the company. Numerous businesses in the USA flip use of exercise measurements to scrutinize the actual performance. Other companies maintain such metrics through functional area to make certain of the functional answerability. Southwest considers functional answerability as a lead to the finger pointing involving departments (Lauer, 2010). Southwest Airlines team of management emphasizes a straightforward going hassle-free corporate style which grants employees extensive independence of operation. The culture of Southwest that lays emphasis on the employees to be the first customers of the airline, as well as, passengers to be the subsequent, has been fundamental to the effect of Southwest. Southwest desires to put forward a unique, as well as, a fun experience to all the customers (Grubbs-West, 2005).The philosophy of Southwest, in addition to th e shared goals and knowledge, also encompasses mutual respect. The expectation of Southwest is that every persons crinkle includes assisting colleagues with their job whenever necessary. Through provision of greater work flexibility, Southwest Company has the belief that it advances labor productivity, as well as, providing them with a competitive benefit.

Islamic Culture-Comparing the principles of Shoora (Shurah) and Essay

Islamic Culture-Comparing the principles of Shoora (Shurah) and democracy - assay ExampleBy comparing each of these descriptors of principles, there is a deeper taking into custody of the mechanics that are associated with some(prenominal) approaches to the decisions that are made within society as well as what rules and governs those under these orders.The principles of Shurah are delimit by governing expectations that begin in the household and move into society. According to these principles, the relationships to family and to kin is the most beta to withhold in the agriculture. Each of the members and kin should hold a relationship according to the principles of Islam, specifically in terms of treating others with mention based on what individuals should receive the most respect as well as how one should be treated. The importance of this is not only based on basic respect and the arrangement of relationships. If a dispute arises among kin and family, priority is given to those who are anticipate to have the most respect in the family, specifically which held a sign of righteousness and love toward those that were a part of the Islamic culture and belief. The relationships were not expected to be of Islamic origin and were based on upholding the relationships, despite the actions or reactions from other kin, such as failing to uphold the same relationship. This particular concept tied into neighbors and society to form order and culture through the principles of how each member should be treated (Hashimi, 1997).The principles of Shurah are combined with the understanding of how the approaches to those in the community ultimately affect the decisions taken politically, specifically with the attributes affecting votes and activities within society. The principles are expected to affect the consultation, democracy and decisions which are made by those in society. If the respect and guidance is divided by the amount of respect and worth given to the family and then to kin and the community, then there is the ability to

Can Go Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Can Go - Essay Examplemerchandising strategy is needed to be fulfilled by market placeing director who should take care into number the product itself, the price for the product, its promotion and distribution. CanGo regularly renew their market strategy in order to keep on the competitive advantage. Target market is classified into segments, which are psychographic, demographic and geographic, product related and behavioral. When the target market is identified, the company should build the right strategy to reach this market. There are many strategies but I would like to overview the one offered by Roger Best Select the target audience the customers are grouped found on homogeneous needs and benefits sought by them on purchase of a product. Identify clusters of similar needs demographics, lifestyle, usage behavior and pattern used to differentiate between segments. Apply a evaluation approach market growth, barriers to entry, market access, switching, etc. are used. Test t he segments A segment storyboard is to be created to quiz the attractiveness of each segments office strategy. Lastly, modify marketing mix expanding segment positioning strategy to include all aspects of marketing mix (Identify Target Market). Such strategy can care CanGo review its target market, advertising and pricing to satisfy the customers needs.Jacks Memo Employee and Product Flows in the Current Warehouse Layout. Retrieved May 28, 2014 from

EC coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

EC coursework - set about ExampleIt does not therefore implement the directive.Anil works as an electrician for North westward Electricity PLC, a privatized utilities company. His wife is expecting a baby in May 2006. In February 2006 he use for paternity leave and was refused on the grounds that his contract does not provide for it.Unlike EC regulating which is spinal column in its entirety and directly applicable to all member-states of the European Union1, a directive is binding only as to the result to be achieved2 and upon the member-state to which it is addressed. It also leaves to the content authorities the choice of form and methods by which to implement the said directive.Relevant to this problem is the question of direct loading of the subject directive without the pick out for it to be implemented by national law. According to the doctrine, company law creates rights in favour of individuals, which the national courts are occupation bound to protect.3 Stated othe rwise, direct effect refers to the principle whereby certain provisions of Community law may confer rights or impose obligations on individuals that national courts are bound to devote and enforce. ... without need of national implementing legislation.6 The period for implementation of the directive has already expired, as stated in the disposed facts.As counsel for Anil, I would advise him to initiate proceedings against his employer North West Electricity PLC in the proper forum and against the State, if the first action is denied.Re BrianI would advise Brian to make his application with his employer, Quickfoods Ltd and if denied succeed the same actions as Anil would be taking in his case. Before denial, Brian would have no venue standi to blame the necessary action in national courts.Re Anil (and Brian if his application is denied)Because Anil has already been denied, I go away rely on the cases of Becker7, Marshall8 and Ratti9, which allowed the filing of proceedings aga inst member-states relying on individual rights conferred by directives and file the proper action to ask the national court and/or the European court to exercise the duty of consistent interpretation so far as is reasonably possible expounded in Marleasing10. In our case, we will endeavour to convince the national and/or the European court(s) that the case involves the issue of vertical direct effect and not horizontal direct effect if seen solely from the point of view of compelling the clients private employers to grant the paternity rights granted under the directive instead of the existing statutes. My advice will be bolstered by the design of standing in national law. National courts of first instance would only grant standing where a specific individual right has been identified and violated. The first action will be filed with the Court of root Instance.If the national court of first instance exercises jurisdiction over the case but denies the reliefs prayed for, I would

Strategic Plan of WalMart Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Plan of WalMart - Case Study manakinWal-Mart Stores, Inc. is both a domestic enterprise, as well as a national discount retailer. They figure out retail stores domestically in the US and various international markets. Wal-Mart operates on an Every Day rugged Price philosophy because they ar able to maintain their low price structure through fire expense control. With this philosophy they have proven to be extremely profitable domestically. Their primary task is acquire from suppliers at a low cost and then reselling the niftys to customers at a low price, to achieve their social club philosophy of low prices and great customer service (Nelson Lichtenstein, 2006). Being in the retail industry, Wal-Mart can subscribe from many suppliers that provide its various stores with inventory, general buyers, and competition including Kmart, Sears, Target, Costco discount stores also the local mom and start up stores in various neighborhoods. Wal-Mart is spread all over the E urope and this chain running successfully. But Wal-Mart in the city of Bentonville facing is some problems. Although it has many strengths but it has been facing many threats. Evaluating Wal-Marts situation in foothold of the SWOT Analysis, whither we will view where its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in terms of its place in the retail industry. Lets look at what makes Wal-Mart such a dominant force and would break Wal-marts dominance both here and globally by analyzing its position in terms of the SWOT lets start by looking at the first part of the SWOT analysis which is the strength of the company.Strengths The strengths of their existing circulation patterns and linkages are good pedestrian orientation around the square and accessibility from other areas of the city. The buildings on the Square are strengthened up to the sidewalk which enhance the pedestrian character. Several entries into downtown help reduce congestion. Also, the schools downtown are with in walking distance of a large number of residential areas and walking to school is an option. The restoration of the square has provided a central place for community gatherings. The fountain, the confederate soldier statue, the benches, and traditional street lights sum up to downtowns identity. The statue is a part of the heritage and culture and has been stated as creation a conversational humans. The square is the center for several community activities, such as the Farmers Market, Pickin on the Square, and the Art Walk (Weldon Nicholson, 2006). The Wal-Mart command Office brings thousands of people downtown during the week. The Wal-Mart Visitors Center serves to bring people, (approximately 80,000 annually) especially tourists, downtown. Also, Wal-Mart Shareholders Week provides an economic surge in the spring. Another economic strength is the presence of public services and facilities. The county and city administration offices, especially the courthouse and Bentonville being the county seat serve to anchor the downtown as a place to conduct business. Also, quasi-public businesses, such as Main Street Bentonville, the Chamber of Commerce and the Bentonville Advertising and Promotion Commission have all selected a downtown location. There are also several personal services that are beneficial to the downtown economy, such as the bank, grocery store, and dry cleaners. They serve area residents as well as the thousands of employees workings downtown. Recent development activity has sparked an interest in development and location downtown. Two new brick devil and three story buildings at SW A Street and SW 8th Street maintain office, retail and residential space. The Bentonville Plaza, just south of the Wal-Mart Genera

Hollywood Science Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hollywood Science - look for Paper ExampleThe film presents the scenario of doing a spacewalk extremely well. Notably, the visual impact of the astronauts to possess only the sparkler of their helmet between them and the Earth is legitimate in scientific terms. Similarly, the director renders the physicality and movement during the spacewalk in an true manner. Many scenes reveal the challenging attempt of the astronauts to start a motion and stop it in the vacuum-clean place. It is scientifically correct that stopping motion in the vacuum is difficult. Although the execution of realism by exposit the real danger of the space travel is evident in the film, the closer examination of Gravity shows kid scientific flaws.Largely, the film Gravity violates the laws of physical science. Notably, it is difficult for the astronauts to hop from a particular spacecraft to another easily. The carrier bag from one station to the other demands tremendous energy, as well as, careful planning in rules of order to change the orbits. The capturing of the simplicity to navigate in the space evokes questions about the plausibility of the application of the laws of physics. Hence, the film makes a notable error in presenting the shifting as an easy endeavor in the space. Similarly, the film fails to implement the fundamental facts of science when the director presents a character struggling out in a vacuum. It is a mystery for Clooney to release Bullocks tether, and the attempt makes the two characters to drift away from each other. In reality, the space has zero gravity. Thus, the scientific laws should dictate that a single tug would automatically bring bodies together instead of separating them. Efthimbiou and Ralph contend that a failure to incorporate fundamental scientific facts render sci-fiction films less informing. In essence, the film recreates the shuttle, the spacesuits, and space station perhaps to add drama or extend the plot. Arguably, overemphasis of the simulation of the physics about thrusts and counter-spin is noticeable in

Differences Between a Business Proposal and Formal Research Essay

Differences Between a Business Proposal and Formal Research - Essay Example tho the major similarity is that both try to find out certain interrelationships and ca intakes of a given hearty situation. The potential of formal research is in that it contributes to the theory and body of knowledge generated in the science of heed and also might facilitate practitioners understanding of organzations and result in improved practices (Buckley et al., 33). In this way, it can consent a theoretical and practical side. scarce a business line proffer is only close to inferior and faces the question, how to manage? (Buckley et al., 33). The potential of formal research is in that it can generate pure generalizable theoretical, information, back up by data which is generated through scientific tools and methods (Buckley et al., 33). On the contrary, the strength of a business proposal is in that it is focused on practical solutions, anchored in logic, and is guided by case examples and common sense which are used as data so that a practitioner can assimilate and make use of it easily (Buckley et al., 33-34). The formal research helps preparing study material for the future practitioners but a business proposal has a contextual value alone and is rarely generalizable (Buckley et al., 34). But a business proposal points to the genuinely issues that need further introspection and correction while formal research might linger on some topic that satisfies an academic fancy. A business proposal can be written in a wide variety of formats and styles while a formal research penning needs to take over a particular writing and citation style like APA, MLA and so on (prismleadership, n.d.). A business proposal starts with an decision maker summary while the research reputation willing begin with an abstract (prismleadership.com, n.d.). But both an abstract and an executive summary serve almost the same purpose of giving the findings and word in the constitution in a capsule form. A business proposal aims at finding making in a particular business context while a research paper looks forward to careful framing of the area of concern as a potential contribution to critical research (prismleadership.com, n.d.). In a business proposal, the research question will be like a direct inquiry about the best possible solution to a business problem whereas a research frames its research questions in such a way that they can be proven as an experiment quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods (prismleadership.com). The design of a business proposal will be about including all possible alternatives to a particular question of concern but a research paper deals with only specific number of chosen methodologies (prismleadership.com, n.d.). Last but not least, a business paper will be reviewing only proprietary and industry-specific literature while a research paper will review recent and reputable scholarly sources (prismleadership.com). A business propos al usually contain an introduction, executive summary, background information, the proposal, staffing requirements, a budget and an autherization request (Guffey, Rogin and Rhodes, 340). But a formal research comprise of world(a) observation...preliminary data gathering...literature review...theoretical framework...hypotheses...scientific research design...collect(ion) (of) data analysis and interpretation...deduction...report writing...report presentation...(and)...managerial decision making (Sekaran, 2009). Part-2 H3 Can organizational learning be considered a predictor of effective strategic management? Literature review Organisational learning is a surgical process by which whole organizations or their components adapt to changing environments by generating and selectively adopting organizational routines

Factors That Contributed To Industrial Revolution In Britain Essay

Factors That Contributed To Industrial Revolution In Britain - Essay Example substantial conditions that favored the growth of industrialization in Europe include capitalism, a growth of population, peace and increase cross-border markets for industrial goods. Capitalism encouraged people to own private property and make beneficial contracts among themselves. They cognise that there was the need to work harder with the objective of acquiring to a greater extent property. Capitalism was a motivation that heighten peoples desire towards making inventions since it was the only way towards wealth accumulation. The growth of population in Britain provided the necessary labor for industries and guaranteed a local market for goods and services. Increased labor and demand constituted the essential motivators for an industrial revolution. Britain peace and tranquility prevailed in Britain this provided a favorable environment for industrial growth. Industrial investors no longer feared des truction of their property caused by conflicts and wars. People, therefore, volunteered to install machinery for industrial production with no fear of evil activities. International demand for industrial goods was increasing at high rates as people desire to make their lives easy through the use of machinery. This provided opportunities for marketing Britains industrial goods. Increased markets encouraged more production and accelerated industrial revolution. Industrial revolution marked a major turning exhibit in history because it influenced approximately all aspects of peoples daily lives.

Organizational behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

transcriptional behaviour - Essay ExampleEmployees help in the determination making power and their insight is valued in the organization. The employee insight is important because often employees have a better idea of dealing with problems in the organization because they face such problems on a daily basis. Also employees perform well in conclusions which nurtures and supports them and helps them to work towards the achievement of their ambition ( business sector Case Studies, n.d.). An example of this is south that values its employees by motivating, monitoring and nurturing them.Organizational structure also has a strong impact on the performance on an organization. When the role and position of the employees are clearly mentioned, there is little conflict in the organization. Also employees understand their value in the organization which then motivates them to perform better in the organization.Organization civilization and structure are inherently linked. When organizati onal structure is flat, it develops a high performance culture in the organization. When there is a high level of hierarchy present in the company, then the culture is often rigid. Rigid cultures prevent employees from developing attachment with the organization which effects overall performance of the employees.Business Case Studies, n.d. Creating a high performance culture A Siemens case study, Retrieved from

Biography of Porfirio Diaz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biography of Porfirio Diaz - Essay ExampleIt is at this place that Porfirio move to become a carpenters apprentice and got the privilege to do some learning in a domesticate called La Amiga. Following abject poverty experienced by the family, Porfirio dropped out of school before gaining complete literacy.Sometime later in life he joined a assemblage of guerillas who by then were engaged in a fight against a resurgent by the induce Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna. This period served to stir up his inner call to military, a factor that saw him worn-out(a) his later years fighting in the army in opposition to the French and in the Mexico cultured wars of mid to late 19th century.During his service in the army, he came to know a liberal politico by the name Benito Jurez who at one point became the president of Mexico. It was after the death of Jurez that Porfirio came to power with the sponsor of the Catholic Church and the United States. The records have it that in 1876 he matched ar med forces into Mexico City, overthrowing President Sebastin Lerdo de Tejada. During his reign, which lasted for a period of 35 years i.e1876 to 1911, Mexico experienced great advancement and modernization that saw its economy blossom. His advance ended when he lost power in 1910-1911 following a rigged election that sparked the Mexican insurgency of 1910-1920.he died in

Relationship between the Strategic Position and Strategic Choices of Essay - 1

Relationship between the Strategic Position and Strategic Choices of Marks & Spencer Plc - Essay ExampleThis interrogation will begin with the statement that Marks and Spencer (M&S) had occupied a leading position in the UK retail industry and had been able to sustain success for several years. However, its performance over the last two decades has non been much influential which has resulted in the decline in customer base and market share as compared to its competitors. Historically, Michael Marks, during the late 1880s established a penny bazaar wherein he offered a majority of products cost one penny. This business of Marks accorded significant success and inspired by this success Marks quick expanded his business. With the growing size of the business, Marks was joined by a partner Tom Spencer, this confederation led to the establishment of M&S. The partnership business steadily grew and by the beginning of 21st century, M&S growth began to roll out unprecedentedly. Later, S imon Marks took the management of M&S. He made many changes in the operational strategy of M&S. He transformed that penny bazaar into stores and adopted easy pricing strategy. He also introduced St Michael logo as a quality sign. However, since 1998, M&S had confronted with many challenges as well as it had adopted several strategies to deal with the emerging challenges. However, the most of measures undertaken by M&S to cope up with the problems encountered by it had not been fruitful. Strategic positioning is an attempt to realize sustainable competitive advantage by identifying and preserving the distinct resources and capabilities. It involves the execution of different activities from competitors or executing similar activities in a different manner than the rivals in the marketplace. Moreover, strategic positioning is ascertained to be closely spring by the environment in which the business operates. Thus, strategic positioning can be precisely be as devising future posit ion of the business based on the analysis of the industry or environmental conditions in which it operates. Besides, strategic positioning involves positioning a business based on its strengths and weaknesses that enable it to outperform its competitors in the marketplace.

Finance crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Finance crisis - Essay Exampleing to Keynes (1936) the unstable flowing world sparing was destabilized during the late 2000s and such a scenario was seen in Iceland for the very first measure and even in the world. Krugman (2008) explains scotch crisis is one the retarding factors that have pulled down the steep growth of the world economy including the subsequent growth of the smaller economies which have gained a new impetus in the growth of their economies. Kothari (2010) defines economic crisis as a collection of varied circumstances that results in the huge loss of the nominal observe of their monetary assets. He further explains that an organisation or a community has a number of stakeholders who be directly or indirectly related to the organisation or company through a financial relation. An economic crisis turns a company into a dried well of financial resources and a result the stakeholders of the company even suffers through immense lack of financial resources. Acc ording to the observations of Kothari (2010) the economic crisis faced by the completed world has turned a disturbingly huge number of people jobless and thus penniless. peck all over the world lost their jobs while others bargained for the job in exchange of one of the roughly meager sum of money. As more and more people turned jobless the chaos and holy terror regarding being jobless seemed to engulf them over a long time. He further elucidated the different kinds of economic crisis.Firstly it is the banking crisis where the depositors of the respective banks immediately ask for returning their deposited money. The bank faces a crisis over the availability of the bullion within a stipulated time period. The second row of economic crises is the stock market crash which intelligibly suggests that it refers to the drastic decrease of stock prices over the larger section of the stock market that hugely depreciates the do or value of the stocks resulting in excessive loss for t he investors. The third form of economic crisis comes in the form

Free trade Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Free calling - naming ExampleThe U.S. on the other side has increased the import of agricultural products to Canada and Mexico (Orme, 1996).The economic basis of raft is to exchange goods and services for currency. It will be abuse to common sense to purchase or earlier get poor services in the name of saving our local industries from foreign competition in time we get poor services and goods. We would rather go for a specialist. Research shows American did well economically because they allowed free movement of goods across its neighbors. While Europe, because they are protecting themselves from their neighbors did not do quite well. I bought my nephew a play station made from china. China makes good toys for children. America pee-pees good computers. We can, therefore, sell our computers to China as we bargain their toys (Orme, 1996).Free trade has allowed Americans to import textiles from Mexico. My dress was made from Mexico. There are very(prenominal) few people wearing clothes made in America. There have been slogans saying that buy America keep your job. However, it is costly to put trade restrictions in order to save the local industries. The tax inventers pay more than those that have free trade. The benefit of buying American goods is that jobs are saved (Orme, 1996).Trade restrictions should besides apply in cases where there is a violation of preservation rules. For example, food or agricultural products constitute a danger to human life due to use of hazardous chemicals should be restricted. International trade does not stop competition or even cause unemployment (Orme, 1996). International trade en equals countries to be able to have a look at different types of goods and compare them to theirs. It will challenge local industries to produce better goods and services in order to maintain their

The Hunger Games Essays That Shows Katniss Qualities Essay Example for Free

The Hunger Games raises That Shows Katniss Qualities EssayHave you ever been taken away from your family and conversancys? Been forced into a game where to stay alive is the unaccompanied way to come on? The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins is about sixteen year old Katniss Everdeen, who lives in the coun settle of Panem from the far- off city called the Capitol. The Capitol divides in districts. It is harsh, cruel and keeps the districts in line by forcing them all to lance one boy and one girl between the ages twelve and eighteen to participate in the yearly Hunger Games until the end of the death and only one survive. Strength and kind Katniss faces challenges and survives the Hunger Games. Katniss has used her ability to try and get through the Hunger Games. When Peeta Mellark had gotten cut by Catos sword, he was deeply wounded. Katniss has to try and treat him in order to save his emotional state. She runs toward the Cornucopia without cares of her own to get the bag pack of medication that will survive Peetas life. Also, Katniss has prorogue and arrows that shows her strength. With her bow and arrows, she finds food and kills her enemies. She jackpot do many things and can last longer throughout the Hunger Games.She acknowledges, So I focus on the one rightfully good thing thats happened since I landed in the arena. I have a bow and arrows A full dozen arrows if you count the one I retrieved in the tree. They bear no wind of the noxious green slime that came from Glimmers body(197). She had also used bow and arrows when she was in District 12 to help support her mother and her sister, Prim. Along with her strength, she has also kindness for others that succeed her to win the Hunger Games. Katniss goes to the Cornucopia to get the bag pack of medicine that will help to save Peetas life.At the feast Clove attacks on Katniss but before killing her, Clove makes a set off about repent. Thresh hears her and survives Katniss from Clove. He does nt kill Katniss because Katniss was rue ally and he feels that he owes her. Katniss acknowledges, I decorate her body in the flowers. Covering the ugly wound. Wreathing her face. Weaving her hair with bright colors(237). That shows Katniss loves Rue because she looks like Prim. In conclusion, the author wants to show us how we can face difficult problems in our life with the help of our qualities. If we have good qualities, we can win every challenge.I have a friend who lives in country of India, city is called Bihar. Bihar government is very cruel and harsh. The political status of this city is not good. Bihar city is poor and struggling with food poverty. The people of Bihar are controlling by their government. The girls cannot go to schools and colleges in this city. My friend has very intelligent and has good qualities. She is president of team that is against the government of Bihar. They use their strength and great power to change the rules of their city. Finally, they succ eeded in their challenge. Like those People or Katniss we can use our qualities to succeed in our life.

English-Cultural Studies- Generation X Essay Example for Free

English-Cultural Studies- propagation X EssayThrough issue the years, throw off and roll stars fork up greatly emerged in the consciousness of either American youth. In a world that appears to be uncontrollably spinning, the pied pipers of rock gather in acted as jesters, pillows, and poets for every incoming generation. The forerunners like Sex Pistols, the Who, the Doors, the Stones, the Beatles, and other rock and roll Hall of Famers, many of whom have become millionaire figures, rebelling against the society and pulling out the rich and seemingly boundless vein of alienation and angst among teenage suppuraters of the multiplication X. During the 1990s, the rise of grunge medication characterizes an imperative element of what has been the alternative rock trend in that decade. Nirvanas Kurt Cobain do it to the pinnacle higher than any other rock and roll stars. Like several other rockers, Kurt Cobain became a sensation by means of the samples of his times. generat ion X considered Kurt Cobain as their poet emeritus, he was the Richard Cory of his generation, joining the ranks of Elvis, Keith Moon, Jim Morrison, and Brian Jones as the white icon who apparently had everything, but threw it away.Generation X or Gen-X came into its own throughout the later part of eighties and early 1990s. An inclination for grunge music epitomized by the band Nirvana expressed the disenchantments of a generation ceaselessly destined to exist in the gloominess of its elders. As it is ordinary in generational shifts, Gen-X ism has considerable inferences of disbelief against things held dear to the earlier generation. Accordingly, grunge music became the defining character of Generation X, who came of age throughout this period. Generation XGeneration X consists of individuals who finished high school between the periods 1989 and 1996 (Bozenda 2). However, laggards have to a fault been identified beyond those years, but were already considered the minority of the ir graduating class. In its glory days, Generation X, through its music, boasted tremendous recognition. For Generation X-ers, MTV was their sanctuary, and has been pronounced, the only TV channel that did not care just as a great deal as them (Bozenda 2). Grunge saturated in this stretch of time and, without a doubt, it fit the bill.There were incompatible classes of Generation X-ers the light X-ers were typically just into the music and could not be easily identified the culture medium X-ers were way into the music, and do really look the part the dull X-ers took the way of life to its limits, and were concerned with zip fastener but the music and the major X-ers who are identifiable even these days, as they tend to talk slowly, typically wear clothes that are older than they are or, clothes that they did not buy, and feel more(prenominal) homelike in a gloomy room (Bozenda 2).I. Origins of Generation X Although the precise dates of birth defining Generation X are highly di sputed, on the whole, this age demographic consists of people born in the sixties and 1970s. As an expression, without existing meaning, the term was made the title of a 1964 pulp novel, and was chosen as the designation of young Billy Idols punk rock band (Generation X).Moreover, Douglas Coupland took it from a sociological text of Paul Fussell, which he later popularized in his book Generation X Tales For An speed up Culture (Generation X). It was only after the publication of Couplands book that the media started to prevalently exploit the term as a name for the generation, by introducing Generation X as a group of undereducated, alienated, flannel-wearing lazybones with body edged who had worked at McJobs and drank Starbucks coffee.Generation X has a great deal to be confused about Prozac-happy therapy, the persist presence of AIDS where love can turn into death drive-by shootings, declining prospects, few good jobs, unparalleled levels of teen suicide and violence and abse ntee parents striving to succeed in the two-income economy, Beavis and Butthead mean-spiritedness sufficing as social interpretation, and an increasing prejudice in particular sectors toward the homeless and poor (Hill).Generation X has undergone most of the 14 years of Reagan-Bush-Clinton economics, particularly the political policies of free trade (Hill). As a result, Kurt Cobain slammed, thumped and wailed his guitar against the converging walls of the putrefying society around him, and the existing generation followed into his focalization feeling that they as well are experiencing the societal strap to be getting tighter. Unfortunately, in collect course Cobain could not break out therefore, taking the easy way out or mayhap the difficult one, by taking his own life.Generation X-ers Music As categorized through music light X includes Pearl Jam, Nirvana, and other foremost radio bands mid-X includes all of the above, and bands like Kyuss, Monster Magnet, as well as other band s that started small but in the end got big heavy X also includes all of the above, Soul Coughing, Fu Manchu, as well as other bands that remained small but got major metro progress and major X, which also includes all of the above, along with Desert Sessions, The Atomic Bitchwax, and bands that remained indie or stayed resistance (Bozenda 2).Generation X music commenced in 1989, peaked in 1994, fell inconsistent in 1997, and eventually disappeared in 2000 (Bozenda 2). The year of 1996 proved to be the final year wherein grunge musicians were very much dynamic, see that many lasts had taken place during this year.The Screaming Trees and Soundgarden released their respective last studio albums entitled Dust and mint on the Upside Alice in Chains gave their concluding shows with their estranged, ailing front-man Layne Staley Pearl Jam released their last map topping album entitled No Code and Nirvana released their only album following the superlative hits album Nirvana in 2002, which is the live album entitled From the Muddy Banks of the Wishkah. Over the few turn out years, grunges usual attractive feature promptly died away. Several grunge bands have continued touring and magnetic discing but with more limited success, most notably, Pearl Jam.I. The Grunge Music The term grunge was coined in the late eighties by a British journalist to depict the style of music a group of bands vie during the period in the Seattle area (Schmitz). During the period, the most recognized grunge band was a group called viridity River, whose fame was confined within the Seattle area. Accordingly, once in a while, grunge music is referred to as the Seattle Sound in view of the fact that it was created as a submusic genre of alternative rock played by bands from the state of Washington, broadly speaking in the Seattle area, during the mid-1980s.Grunge is generally categorized through its sludgy guitar sound that makes use of a high level of feedback, fuzz and distortion e ffects. Grunge combines elements of heavy admixture and hardcore punk, and is also normally characterized by heavy drumming, dirty guitar, and angst or apathetic-filled lyrics, although various bands performed with more credence on one or the other. Grunge music shares a similar lyrical concern and raw sound with punk genre. However, grunge involves more interlacing instrumentation, dissonant harmonies, and slower tempos, which is indicative of heavy metal.Some individuals cogitate with the growth of grunge, including the Melvins and Sub Pop manufacturer Jack Endino, described grunges fusion of heavy rock authorities such as Kiss as musical provocation (Grunge 1). Grunge artists regarded heavy rock bands as cheesy but even so took pleasure in listening them. Buzz Osborne of the Melvins illustrated it as an endeavor to see what extreme things bands could carry out and yet pull off. In the early 1990s, Nirvanas signature stop-start song arrangement became a genre standard of the time.II. Grunge Music Scene Notwithstanding the fact of being looked down upon by most critics, glam metal bands, such as Warrant, Poison, and Motley Crue had been taking over the charts, particularly in the United States, during the 1980s. Glam metal bands was known for their macho, gaudy clothing style, obsequious riffs, misogynist lyrics, and an apparent lack of social responsiveness, all done for the unmixed purpose of entertaining and staying ahead of the race of drawing mainstream audiences.These characteristics were well-liked throughout the 1980s, but they began to have the differing effect on audiences towards the last part of the decade. Most music critics and grunge fans believe that grunge progressed as a well-liked genre and as a result accepted by mainstream audiences as a response to the dwindling attractor of glam metal. Accordingly, the popularity of grunge music abruptly contrasted to glam metal. When the public realized the viable alternative to heavy metal mus ic, the attractiveness of glam metal began to disappear as the recognition of grunge began to soar.Inspired by indie rock, heavy metal and hardcore punk, the early grunge movement came together around Sub Pop, which is a Seattle independent record label. Grunge bands were renowned for their indie approaches and their negative response to mainstream and theatricals success. Grunge became commercially flourishing in the origin half of the 1990s, largely as a result of the release of Pearl Jams Ten album and Nirvanas Nevermind album.The transaction of these bands heightened the recognition of alternative rock and made grunge the most popular genre of hard rock music of the decade. However, a number of grunge bands were not comfortable with this popularity, as the genre became intimately linked with Generation X in the United States, given that the understanding of each rose at the identical time. Although by the late 1990s the majority of grunge bands had faded or disbanded from pub lic view, their previous carry on persists to influence the most modern rock music today.

Holes Essay Example for Free

Holes EssayThere are many different challenges that Stanley Yelnats (the main eccentric person) from the bestselling novel Holes written by Louis Sachar has to over come. Stanley was first seen in the movie when a tilted shot of shoes hit him in the head and he fell on the ground portraying he was flimsy and a potato chip stupid. Stanleys personality was also displayed when his mum was so shocked when the police came around to their house telling them Stanley had stolens, this shows that Stanley had never commited a crime before and wasnt usually a trouble maker. The movie directed by Andrew Davis portrays everything the platter does and it shows nearly all the insight into Stanleys life that author describes in the book. There are many challenges exactly the main genius is breaking the curse that Stanleys family has been stuck in for more(prenominal) than 100 years. This challenge shows many evidentiary themes in this book like intimacy, determination and fate. The main dis identifye for Stanley was breaking his family curse. Although he didnt issue if it was change surface real and that he had broken it , it was clear for the audience watching the movie that he had.The curse was put on his family more than 100 years ago when the first Yelnats, Elya Yelnats went to a fortune teller called Madame Zeroni. She make him a deal that he could have one of her small pigs if he carried Madame Zeroni up the mountain when he was done making the pig nice and fat so he could give it to the father of the misfire of his dreams. When he noticed that the girl really was stupid like Madame Zeroni warmed him he decided to lift from Lativia to America. However he forgot to carry Madame Zeroni up the mountain so she put a curse on his family forever.This was depicted by a dissolve of Madame Zeroni repeating that she will put a curse on his family to Elya leaving Lativia. The low angle of Madame Zeronis face make it obvious that she was not kidding and very seriou s intimately the curse. When Stanely carried ballyragia Zeroni (a descendant of Madame Zeroni) up Gods Thumb which was also visualized with a low angle making it w stack tone very commodious, he broke the family curse. This challenge portrayed many key ideas and themes and one of them was friendship.Zero (Hector Zeroni) and Stanley didnt know eachother at all provided out-of-pocket to them both being the outcasts of the group they started to get to know eachother and Stanley started to enlighten Zero how to read and Zero helped dig Stanley holes so he wasnt so tired and could teach him. These lessons nevertheless were then stopped by the Warden, who was introduced by a high angle on her boots which already made her look threating as you could compare it to some movies where the thief or cowboys boots got introduced before their face which usually portrayed they were a signifi freightert character that usually was there to cause harm.However this didnt stop Zero and Stanleys friendship growing, when Zero ran away form the camp as he had enough of it Stanley had to go and rescue his merely close friend he had at the camp. This shows Stanleys friendly love for Zero portrayed by the fade away of Stanley walking through and through the dessert and than of the sun showing how hot it was. The soundtrack of mysterious music kept you snapshot to see if Stanley would end up finding Zero or not. The orange overalls that all the boys at campsite Greenlake wore made Zero recognizable in the dessert.The audience knew that when the two boys rejoiced both of them were very content due to the soundtrack turning from mysterious to faster more lively music. Another key idea that the challenge portrayed was change. Change for Stanley, his family and Hector Zeroni. There were many unanswered questions that produced tension, secrecy through the entire movie but these questions were all answered when Stanley broke the curse. There was quite a journey to break the curse for Stanley and during this period his character changed dramatically.He used to a gullable, weak , little boy that couldnt stand up for himself. But he turned into a strong, smart young adult that could even save someones life. His weak side was displayed through a high angle of Stanley searching for a camera in the shower, that he got told the Warden of the Camp had installed. This shows how gullable he was and believed everything the other boys in his hut said. As well as giving his findings in a hole to another boy who got a free day off as the Warden though he base it not Stanley. However when he was in the middle of the dessert. He saw Gods Thumb and took iniative.When Hector was to weak he carried him up and saved his life as he found water which the boys definitely mandatory as they were tired and dehydrated. When Stanley broke the curse it changed many other things mostly for his life and family. His dad at long last created a way to make sweaty feet/shoes not smell and S tanley found his treasure that was buried for more than 100 years by Kissing Kate Barlow. This changed his entire lifestyle and he gave half of his treasure to Hector who used that to hire private investigastors and find his mum who he hadent seen for more than 4 years.As you can see the main challenge definitely portrays some key ideas and themes. It displays the friendship betweeen Stanley Yelanats and Hector Zeroni which is definitely one of the most important friendship. Furthermore it explains how Stanley, Hector and both of their families changed. Stanleys personality changed showed everyone how much you can change due to your circumstances and enviroment around you. He teaches everyone a good lesson and I would definitly recommend this to any person my age.

Conditions for Equilibrium Essay Example for Free

Conditions for symmetry EssayWhen we say sense of equilibrium, it is a state of balance. It is a condition where there is no change in the state of motion of a soulfulnessate. Equilibrium also may be at rest or moving within a constant velocity. A simple windup(prenominal) torso is said to be in equilibrium if no part of it is accelerating, unless it is disturbed by an senselesscurricular force. Two conditions for equilibrium are that the net force performing on the object is zero, and the net contortion acting on the object is zero. Thus, the following objectives were emphasized in this experiment to determine the equilibrant force use the force tcapable and the omponent method, to determine the unnoticeable forces using the showtime condition and second conditions for equilibrium, to locate the nerve join of gloom of a conf employ embody, and to demonstrate rational equilibrium. 2. Theory Equilibrant is equal in magnitude to the incident but oppositely direc ted. The premier(prenominal) condition of equilibrium is when a body at rest or moving with uniform velocity has zero acceleration.The focus of Gravity is the point where the tip of a body is assumed concentrate. The second condition of equilibrium is satisfied when the sum f all torques acting on an object about any axis equals zero. In bodily function 1, TA or the focus acting on the st dance band is the weight of the pan A cocksure the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 TB or the tension acting on the string is the weight of the pan B plus the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 Experimental Equilibrant is the weight of the pan A plus the weight added to it. Theoretical Equilibrant= % Error = Exp. Theoretical X 100 Theoretical In activity 2, the equation Tl T2 cos e = O was used. From the equation, was derived to get the time value ofT2 where, Tl is the reading on he recant scale when the signal flag is exactly at the marrow of the ring e is the angle of the string polish offs with the flat Experimental angle = T2 sin e Theoretical Weight= In activity 3, to check the results, the certain computing of sum of sobriety was used. Where XC and YC are the line ups of the center of sobriety of the circle, XS and YS of the center of gravity of the composite fgure.In activity 4, the equation was used, where, Xl is the length of the cylinder used X2 is the length of the center of gravity of the cylinder. And X3 is the length of the cylinder minus the 5. 0 cm. . Methodology There are 4 different kinds of activity in the experiment to determine the conditions for equilibrium. The materials used were the following Force table and accessories, force board, cylinder of mystical weight, restrain scale, electronic gram balance, card board, aluminum discontinue, cylinder of unknown weight, and protractor. For activity 1, the group used a force table, its three pans and accessories.The three pans were weighed and labeled as A, B a nd C. Pan A was hung at 30 degree mark and a 100g was placed on it whereas on pan B a150 g was placed and was hung at 200 degree mark. The group balanced the two tensions in the strings by placing weight on the pan C or adjusting its position in the force table to attain the magnitude and position of the equilibrant. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using the component method. The group then computed the % hallucination using the values obtained by the component method as your accepted value for magnitude as well as direction.Figure 1 Set-up for activity 1 For activity 2, a cylinder of unknown weight was suspended on the force board by means of two strings. A bounds scale was then attached to one of the strings. One member of the group pulled the string horizontally until the pin was exactly at the middle of the ring. The reading on the spring scale was recorded as Tl . Another member of the group measured the angle that the other string makes with the h orizontal and solved for the tension T2 of the other spring and the weight of a cylinder.Percent error was computed after. For activity 3, the group used a circle of diameter 10cm and a firm of side 10 cm from the card board. The circle and the square was weighed and recorded as wc and Ws. The group determined the center f gravity of the composite fgure by using the balancing method and composite method. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein the plumb bob method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from any point and measured where it intersects on the composite fgure.Figure 2 balancing Method Figure 3 Plumbing Method For activity 4, the group first located the center of gravity of the aluminum bar by balancing it on a pencil. The cylinder used in activity 2 was hung 5. 0 cm from one end of the bar. Using the force board, the aluminum bar was supported by means of spring scale on the end and a string on the oth er end until the bar assumes a horizontal position. The group used the second condition for equilibrium to determine the weight of the bar and the tension in the string. Percent error was also computed. . Results and Discussion drill 1 Tensions Magnitude (N) Position(0) TAI. 3105 300 1. 7962 2000 Experimental Equilibrant 0. 6241 3600 Theoretical Equilibrant 0. 5545 3560 % Error Table 1 Results of legal action 1 Table 1 shows the magnitude and the positions of the equilibrants and the tensions acting on the pans. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using he component method. The % error was computed using the values obtained by the component method as the accepted value for magnitude and the direction.Some movers that contributed the 13% error in this activity were the accuracy of the force table and its accessories used. Activity 2 Tl (N) 63 N (0) 440 T2 (N) 8. 7 N Experimental Weight (N) 6 N Theoretical Weight (N) 6. 3 N % Error 13. 2% Free Body Diagram of ring Table 2 Results of Activity 2 Table 2 shows the different unknown forces acting on the cylinder using the first condition for equilibrium. Some factors that contributed the 13. % error in this activity were the accuracy of the spring scale used and the pulling of the string horizontally.Activity 3 Weight of Square= 8. 36 g Weight of Circle= 6. 94 g Method Center of Gravity X- coordinate Y coordinate Plumb line Method 10 5. 2 Balancing Method 9. 55 4. 5 numeration 9. 54 5 Table 3 Results of Activity 3 Table 3 shows the x and y coordinates of the center of gravity of the component fgure using plumb line method, balancing method and the actual computation. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein he plumb method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from computation was written in the manual.Activity 4 Reading of Spring Scale (N) 5 N Weight of cylinder (N) 5. 3238 N Experimental Weight of bar(N) 0. 7418 N Theoret ical Weight of bar(N) 0. 7977 N % Error 7% Free Body Diagram of bar Table 4 Results of Activity 4 Table 4 shows the different unknown forces acting on the bar using the second condition for equilibrium. One factor that contributed the 7% error was due to the person holding the string at one end to make the cylinder bar in horizontal position 5. Conclusion Different activities in this experiment were polished to understand more about the conditions for equilibrium.Based from the results obtained by the group in the different activities, the group was able to determine the equilibrant force by using the force table and the component method. The unknown forces using the first and second conditions for equilibrium were determined. Using the square and circle fgure, the center of gravity of a composite body was located. Rotational equilibrium was demonstrated because the sum of all of the torques equals zero 6. Application 1 . State the first condition for equilibrium. If a body is in e quilibrium, are there no forces acting on it?Equilibrium means the sum of all forces in all directions is equal to zero. It doesnt mean that there are no forces acting on it. It Just means that the forces that are acting on it are equal and opposite. 2. The Russell hairgrip system is used for a fractured femur. Identify the forces acting on the femur. If the weight hang is 5. 0 kg, take note the force needed to immobilize the femur. What will supply this force? 3. What happens to the center of gravity of a person under the following situations? A. ) His upper right extremity is amputated. B. He carries all his books using the right build up only. )When ones upper right extremity is amputated, the center of gravity of the person would lean towards the right part of the body since the gravitational force on the remaining arm will push the center of gravity towards the right. b) When a person carries his books using only his right arm, the pull of gravity on the book would push the center of gravity of the body towards the left. 4. Devise a way by which you could determine your center of gravity. If the object is improper in shape, the center of mass is always located closer to the more massive nd.Use tangle pens to outline your partners body on a division of butcher paper. Determine your partners approximate center of gravity by carefully cutting out the human outline and balancing it on your finger. Mark the center of gravity on your partners body with a piece of tape. Get a six foot piece of butcher paper and tape it feet. Mark their approximate center. Another way is to lie horizontally crosswise the arm of a couch. The point where you are balanced is your center of gravity. 5. In general, the womens centers of gravity tend to be lower than mens. Can you explain why?Womens centers of gravity tend to be lower than mens because women have a bigger pelvis area. The skeletal structure of women make it so that their pelvis is bigger, since they will need the extra support come the time that they become pregnant, and their bodies support a baby. This means that the lower body of women is in the main heavier in comparison to their whole body, as opposed to the lower body of men. This would make the center of gravity of women slightly lower, because more of their body mass is concentrated at the lower portion of their body.

Drug Addiction Essay Example for Free

dose Addiction Essay-Drug addiction is a complex brain disease. It is characterized by compulsive, at times uncontrollable, do drugs craving, pursuance, and engross that persist blush in the face of extremely negative consequences. -Drug seeking becomes compulsive, in large part as a result of the effect of prolonged drug use on brain functioning and, thus, on behavior. For gentlemany people, drug addiction becomes degenerative, with relapses possible even aft(prenominal) long periods of abstinence. Drug addiction is a chronic, often relapsing brain disease that constructs compulsive drug seeking and use despite harmful consequences to the individual that is addicted and to those near them. Drug addiction is a brain disease because the step of drugs leads to changes in the structure and function of the brain.Although it is true that for most people the sign decision to take drugs is voluntary, over time the changes in the brain caused by repeated drug abuse back too th affect a psyches self control and ability to make sound decisions, and at the afore give tongue to(prenominal) time send intense impulses to take drugs. It is because of these changes in the brain that it is so ch whollyenging for a person who is addicted to stop abusing drugs. Fortunately, there are words that help people to counteract addictions powerful disruptive effects and regain control. seek shows that combining addiction discourse medications, if available, with behavioral therapy is the best way to ensure triumph for most patients.Treatment approaches that are tailored to each patients drug abuse patterns and any co-occurring medical, psychiatric, and social problems bum lead to sustained recovery and a life without drug abuse. Similar to other chronic, relapsing diseases, such as diabetes, asthma, or heart disease, drug addiction idler be managed successfully. And, as with other chronic diseases, it is not uncommon for a person to relapse and begin abusing dru gs again. Relapse, however, does not signal failure rather, it indicates that treatment should be reinstated, adjusted, or that alternate treatment is acquireed to help the individual regain control and recover.How Do Drugs Affect The People AroundEnvironment* iodine of the largest ways in which drug abuse affects families is the groundwork of an un abiding environment. Children especially are in grippeenced and bear upon by their parents behaviors. As such, a sibling can in addition be affected by the actions of another sibling who is abusing drugs. Drugs can affect the way family members talk, act and carry on for their families. For example, the drug can often come before basic needs such as food, enclothe or even the love and attention a child needs to have a stable environment. All of these actions can have long- resisting effects on others in the household, especially young children who enkindle up with drug abusers as role models. These effects can include the child following in the abusers footsteps, especially if they have never seen what a functional family should look like.Financial* Drug abuse can affect both family and friends financially. This can come both from enabling and from theft. Enabling is the action of helping a user with his habit because you feel bad for him, or feel it is keeping him around long full for you to be able to change them. One of the main ways that enabling occurs is through directly or indirectly financing the drug habit through loaning or giving money to the addict. Drug abuse can also lead addicts to steal from friends and family members to support their habit. force out* Drug abuse can also affect family and friends by inviting vehemence into the relationship. at that slip are two main times where violence can quickly escalate for an addict during extreme juicys and during withdrawal. Alcohol is an especially guilty substance for causation violence when users are well over the legal limit of blood alco holic drink content. This can cause violence both through direct actions, such as set downting in a fight, as well as indirect actions, such as driving a car while intoxicated. Violence can also affect the friends and family of a drug abuser during withdrawal. One of the most common symptoms of alcohol withdrawal is irritability and anxiousness. The desire to use can quickly cause users to become violent to even close family members in order to get help or money for their next high.Abandonment* One of the most heart-breaking effects of drug abuse on families especially is abandonment. Once drugs have altered the kernel pathways in the brain, the desire to use quickly becomes more important to anything else in the drug addicts life. Friends and family members quickly get replaced by the next score of the drug of choice. This can often lead to divorce or the spill of children to state custody due to a lack of ability to be a loving and providing parent. There is also an increased fortune of parents or spouses being locked up in prison for underwriteed periods of time, going away their children to grow up without a mother or father. The effects of this abandonment may stick with kids all the way through adulthood.Diseases Involved In Using DrugsDate Tue 29 Jan 2013Source University of Oxford/Medical Research Council, press release edited The genetic variant rs12252-C was present in 69 per cent of Chinese patients with H1N1 swine flu flu A/(H1N1)pdm09. A genetic variant which explains why Chinese worlds may be more open to H1N1 swine flu has been put in by researchers at the University of Oxford and Beijing Capital Medical University. This finding could help account those at high risk of severe transmitting and help prioritise those in highest need of treatment The study, led by Dr Tao Dong of the University of Oxford, showed that people with a item genetic variant are 6 times more in all probability to suffer from severe grippe infectionthan those w ithout. The particular variant rs12252-C is occasionally implant in Caucasian populations and was already known to be associated with more severe influenza disease. However, the research teams in the UK and China showed that this variant was present in 69 percent of Chinese patients with severe pandemic (swine) influenza in 2009 compared with 25 percent who only had a mild version of the infection.The results are published at present 29 Jan 2013 in the journal Nature Communications. The study was part-funded by the Medical Research Council Dr Tao Dong of the Weatherall Institute of molecular(a) Medicine at Oxford University says Understanding why some people may be worse affected than others is crucial in improving our ability to manage flu epidemics and to prevent people dying from the virus. Its bouncy that we continue to fund research that examines flu from the smallest details of our genetic code in the populations around the knowledge domain that continue to be vulnerable t o infection. The results suggest that the gene variant increases the severeness of, rather than susceptibility to, influenza infections.It is thought that the DNA change increases risk of severe infection by limiting the effectiveness of a protein which helps to defend against influenza and similar viruses. This protein, known as IFITM3, has been previously shown to slow down virus proceeds in mice.Professor Andrew McMichael, co-author of the study at the University of Oxford, says The apparent effect of this gene variant on the severity of influenza is of great interest. It remains to be seen how this gene affects the whole picture of influenza in selenium Asia, plainly it might help explain why new influenza viruses often 1st attend in this region of the world.. During the 2009 pandemic, hospitals in China admitted patients with severe infection but also, unusually, patients with mild infection who, under(a) normal circumstances, would not require hospitalization. This open- penetration policy provided a unique opportunity to capture a relatively unselected group of patients with divergent outcomes, observed and managed under similar clinical conditions. The introduction provides the background and precept for this investigation.The SNP rs12252-C allele alters the function of interferon-induced transmembrane protein-3 increasing the disease severity of influenza virus infection in Caucasians, but the allele is rare. However, rs12252-C allele is much more common in Han Chinese. The authors report that the CC genotype is found in 69 percent of Chinese patients with severe pandemic influenza A H1N1/09 virus infection compared with 25 percent in those with mild infection. Specifically, the CC genotype was estimated to confer a 6-fold greater risk for severe infection than the CT and TT genotypes. More importantly, because the risk genotype occurs with such a high frequency, its effect translates to a large population-attributable risk of 54.3 percent for severe infection in the Chinese population studied compared with 5.4 percent in Northern Europeans.Interferon-induced transmembrane protein-3 genetic variants could, therefore, have a strong effect on the epidemiology of influenza in China and in people of Chinese descent.The authors conclude that These data clearly extend the earlier observation in a European cohort that the IFTM3-rs12252CC genotype is significantly associated with influenza severity. The joining is primarily with severity of disease rather than susceptibility to infection, although larger studies are required to prove this specific association.IFITM3 may have an important role in virus replication and dissemination following the initial infection. The much higher level of the CC genotype in the Han Chinese population compared with Caucasians may place the Chinese at a higher risk for developing severe illness upon influenza infection. It is not known whether those who are more severely infected with influenza vi rus are more likely to spread the infection. If this is the case, the high frequency of the C allele in Asian populations may influence the epidemiology of influenza. Mod.CP organisation approachISABELA CITY, Basilan, Jan 21 (PIA) The Peace and Development Coordinating Committee (PDCC) also known as aggroup Basilan has obstinate to re-organize and activate the Provincial Anti-Drug Council to address the escalating drug problem in the province.In a late(a) meeting of Team Basilan, Provincial Administrator Tahira Ismael recognized the urgency of addressing the misappropriated drug situation in the province. She fears that the drug menace has slowly crept into the incompatible communities in Basilan, after receiving unconfirmed reports from the ground on illegal drug use.The representative of the Philippine Drugs Enforcement Authority (PDEA) who requested anonymity confirmed the proliferation of illegal drugs in accredited areas of Basilan.The PDEA representative disclosed that for lack of personnel and resources, agents from nearby Zamboanga City will provide the needed assistant during legitimate operations and raids in the area.PDEA was also thankful for the full support and initiatives of the local practice of law and the armed services in addressing the drug problem. PDEA has only one agent for Basilan.Provincial Police chief PSSupt. Mario Dapilloza utter that in his capacity as provincial director, he has activated the provincial anti-illegal drugs task force in the police department. With the deputization from PDEA, the task force was able to arrest the most wanted person in December last year.With the situation, Team Basilan has resolved to craft a resolution requesting PDEA for at least two additional agents for the province.We need at least three PDEA agents, to be assigned in strategic areas in the province, Ismael said.Moreover, Team Basilan has resolved to ask Gov. Jum Akbar for an Executive Order creating the Provincial Anti-Drug Council. Ismael said that the council will immediately convene as briefly as the governor has approved the E.O. (RVC-PIA9, ZBST) LOILO CITY, Dec. 29 (PIA6) Now it is not only the taxi drivers that should be helter-skelter tested for illegal drugs, but also employees in offices and business establishments.Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) officer-in-charge Atty. Ronnie Delicana said the agency is pushing to expand the random drug testing among workers.We will get the cooperation of the local officials to die ordinances that require business establishments to allow random drug testing in their workplaces, Delicana said in a radio interview.This will be a pre-requisite to issuance of business permits, he added.He also said that there should be a widespread culture of zero drug abuse in workplaces to gain PDEAs campaign against illegal drugs.We will be pursuing the signing of memoranda of agreement with different partners to realize drug-free work places, Delicana said.Meanwhile, fo r 2012, PDEA arrested 438 suspected drug peddlers in 277 operations, where 34 of those arrested were among the 1,383 suspected drug personalities in Western Visayas, who are in the agencys watch list.As to cases filed in court, PDEA records show that 482 were filed in court with 3,118 are still pending for lack of witnesses and evidence.The operations also yielded as per record, about P2.7 zillion worth of drugs and paraphernalia seized. (JCM/ESS-PIA 6, Iloilo) the government is doing actions with the issue. ProgramsThe Church of the Nazarene is now being asked to become a major(ip) partner in a drug prevention program in the Philippines. The program is centered around a high quality video presentation produced by Heinz Fuzzle, a freelance producer for evangel Films who has worked on a number of projects with the Church of the Nazarene in the past. Portions of the piece were shot on the campus of Asia-Pacific Nazarene Theological Seminary in Manila. The film features interviews fr om a variety of personalities in the Philippines, including a Nazarene young man who was converted from a life of drug abuse.With 57% of the Philippine population under the age of 20 years old, drug abuse is becoming a serious problem in many split of the country. Approval has been granted by Philippine government officials to show the film in 40,000 high schools, universities, and colleges across the nation. The film has a strong Christian message with follow-up linked to local churches. The Philippine depicted object Office hopes to launch 11 film teams to meet this new challenge. This is a tremendous open door for taking the Gospel into every corner of the Philippines

Nature and Management in Different Countries Essay Example for Free

Nature and Management in Different Countries EssayTerrorism is a war that has been waging on for more than what the general Ameri buttocks universe knows intimately what makes consternationism a genuinely close reality and a ho drillhold name is the feature that in the last few years, terrorists be bringing the smell of concern and death closer to the at one time protected US domestic landscape through a very lethal weapon self-annihilation bombers.Times have changed, and the terrorists are getting bolder and bolder, so they say, but both(prenominal) things remain the same, and that includes the nature of self-annihilation terrorist groups, how they are managed by their leaders and how things are just as much the same as it was in the past, as it was in the other countries were suicide terrorist activities were felt earlier, harder, harsher prior to the onslaught of these breed of freedom fighters in the collective US consciousness. Suicide terrorist groups, like any other organization, is a complex maze which can only be treaded successfully through the use of human resource steering tools, not very far from the management paradigm and approaches that business groups and other non-violent groups use, since the key to the sustenance of suicide terrorist groups, ironically, is the efficiency of the management to ensure that they al carriages have wad who wants to die and to kill in the name of satisfying the greater goal and the greater good.People who are lifespan in a place and in a time characterized by commercialism and consumerism of television ads and product promotions ab by how to stay beautiful and live longer, about how to look better and have better skin and hair condition, about means and ways to fight diseases and extend lives a little longer people, who, in short enjoys life to the full extent, may visit it difficult to understand how there are those who unlike them can just lay down their lives to die, living everything tha t the material world still has to offer.Suicide terrorists no doubt are a source of fear and anger as much as they are a source of wonderment, mystery and mystique. People take on themselves why these suicide terrorists do what they do. What does motivate men and women to become suicide fighters? This is another difficult motility to answer. Some of the suicide groups are motivated by religion, others by ethnic nationalism or by a combination of the two. In some(prenominal) cases, it is difficult to tell which motivation is the strongest (Williams, Waltrip, 2004, p.139). Here, Williams and Waltrip points to the nature of suicide terrorists arrange in different parts of the world that they are motivated by something greater than the preservation of their somebody life. The difference in motivation is not just found among different groups, but as humbled as every one single suicide terrorist and his/her personal reason for embarking on such lovable of work and mission (William s, Waltrip, 2004, p. 139).The redbrick media(television, Internet and movies) supplement whatever little knowledge the public has by providing either real or fictitious information through documentaries and television shows and movies that graphically illustrate suicide terrorists, their behavior, their nature and their characteristics, with the risk that sometimes they are far from telling the people the truth e. g. take for character the notion of most people about the gender of a suicide bomber as male, when some historians say otherwise.In general, males rarely become suicide terrorists, who are more typically young women and teenagers (Wessely, Krasnov, 2006, p. 112). What this points out is that with the growth of global terrorism and the rise of suicide terrorist groups and their actions, the desire for knowledge about such chance of modern day life also improves. Short history on suicide terrorism In its most basic sense, suicide terrorism may refer to any act wherein t he cause of terror of the people, community or society wreaks havoc, death and mayhem without regard for his or her own survival or even with the presence of risking sure death in the process.If this is the case, then suicide terrorism indeed goes way, way back even during the times of barbarian warriors or even further back. But the concept of modern day suicide terrorism is younger, being around for just nearly three decades. Apparently, the first terrorist suicide attack took place in Beirut on 15 December 1981. On that date a suicide driver reportedly drove an explosives-laden car into the Iraqi embassy, killing himself as well as 61 other persons and injuring more than 100.Iraq citeed that the attack was carried out by the Iranian and Syrian intelligence services. The use of suicide attacks as a systematic tactic, however, began only in 1983 (Bjorgo, 2005, p. 72). Historians do not actually claim that this act triggered the new wave of in the style of terrorism, but this is one of the first one of its kind, likely the first documented act constituting the idea of modern day suicide terrorism by a suicide terrorist.Suicide attacks by suicide terrorist groups is not something new, especially not in the international level, since many groups decades ago were already resorting to this type of attack. The only difference is that now, there is an growingd global presence and awareness about suicide terrorist groups and their actions because they are expanding their targets towards new locations, targeting a new set of people some of which are not even fully aware that they are just as susceptible to such attacks compared to the people living in other locations which are war torn and struggling from armed conflict.Although suicide terrorism is not new to the world, it appears to have greatly expanded since early 2003 and has spread to regions where it was previously unknown. The primary increase was in the large number of suicide terrorists operating in Ir aq, which until the war had not experienced this taint of terrorism (Fieldman, Shapir, 2004, p. 46).

Phenomenology and the Eucharistic Mass Essay Example for Free

Phenomenology and the Eucharistic Mass EssayIn the test of communications, reaching a popular consensus on how to apply a shared and common understanding of communications seems to be a near impossible task. After being introduced to the seven traditions of communications by Craig in his essay discourse Theory as a Field, I choose to explore the tradition he categorizes as Phenomenology. My initial understanding on the study of communications were quite limited to the transmission view, dominated by a sender and receiver framework.Interestingly, the transmission amaze in its origin was culturally root in religion, and used as a tool for the dissemination of Euro centric religious values and practices globally. With procession in technology, especially in the 1920s, the North American perspective on communication shifted the transmission model from religion to science to reflect a multidisciplinary approach in to the study of communications. As a practiti one and only(a)r o f what was once the transmission view, the Catholic Church had experienced tremendous religious propagation of its message finished forcible transmission all over the orbit.Based on Craigs essay, the Catholic Church of straightaway then embodies traits of a ritual view of communication, and is aligned with religious communication, and expression such as fellowship, participation, community, communion, and common doctrine. The phenomenological model of communication shares characteristics with the ritual view that I lead be exploring through the Roman Catholic Eucharistic liturgy. The phenomenological tradition described by Craig, conceptualizes communication as dialogue or the experience of severalty (p. 217).Communication in this tradition is non rooted in verbal transmission but sooner a shared experience on plains that extend beyond tradition verbal or textual communication. For the purpose of this paper phenomenological tradition can be seen as a form of communication explicit metaphysically as well. Gadamers theory from Truth and Method, focus on tradition and language as a primary form of communication. His ideology is that we are only able to make sense of ourselves and the world around us because our consciousness has been shaped by history and traditions in ways we are largely unaware of wareness expands our understanding of the tradition.His description of an I-Thou family relationship as the question-answer logic that underlies hermeneutic experience creates communication by identifying, hermeneutics, that lead to a dialectical process of interpretation and growth of understanding. As a phenomenological practitioner, this theory has genuinely intrinsic value. Communication in this practice provides a very plasteredingful and existential experience that I am to able to engage in with my Creator, in the absence of any other person. As a Roman Catholic, I agree had many questions about the way we participate in mass.My parents grew up on the island of Trinidad, in a devout Catholic community. The Spanish, that had at one time colonized Trinidad, were very affiliated to their mission of converting the indigenous concourse of the island. The spread Catholicism throughout the country was profuse, with community church buildinges everywhere, (even building one across the street from my mothers house), and adding a monastery and seminary college a mile further up the mountainside where my father lived. Catholicism was non just a religion in our community, it was a part of the culture, and busy many of the villagers as they worked for the seminary.My grandparents were in fact Hindu, and converted to Catholicism because of the strong influence and presence it had at heart the community. As a Roman Catholic child, I had been told to repeat, chant, and act with humility, adoration and reverence during mass. I did not understand what we were doing or what the intention was. I became harder and harder to find meaning in going to church. In my posthumous teens I stopped attending mass because there was no intrinsic get togetherion for me in my faith practice. I remained a spiritual and deeply rooted faith based person, but I could not go up to terms with many of the teachings of my church.I stayed out of church for many years. At some point, I became curious about what it meant. I was not looking for a theological understanding per se, but instead, what did it mean? The chanting, the corporate response in unison, the prayers itself. What was I blindly repeating every Sunday? I chose to study the teachings of the Catholic Church in university at Newman Theological College to gain a scholarly perspective. Many things became clear, although I did acquiesce on some ideological points, (my own hermeneutical experience).Inspired by my academic insights, I returned to church as a knowledgeable participant of the mass, understanding that as part of the community, I would belong to the collective voice of the fellowship of Christ. The Catholic mass is deeply enriched with both Phenomenological Theory as well as Semiotic Tradition. In some regard you must look at the semiotics in ordination to fully understand what is being communicated during certain points in the eucharistic liturgy. For the purpose of this paper I will focus on the phenomenological aspects.The Eucharistic liturgy is a two century old tradition, considered the real presence of Christ at the last supper carried out each Sunday, and is considered an integral part of Catholic worship. As Catholics we call up delivery boy began a significant new fellowship meal that we observe to this day. It causes us to collectively and in and of itself share in the experience of his sacrifice through his death and resurrection. The description of the liturgy Im presenting here reflects a very basic summation of the ritual. At the start of the liturgy we are asked to raise ourselves up, and surrender to God.As we participate i n the Eucharistic Prayer we are in the act of bragging(a) thanks. The congregation is humbled as Christ is transubstantiated from man into the elements of bread and wine. We collectively mourn as Jesus is headed to the Father in sacrifice for the sins of man. We participate in the Lords Prayer, and a prayer for peace. The Holy Spirit is invited to come down upon us and unite the community of worshipers into one body as we prepare to accept the communion, and offer each other a sign of peace. As a community we should be considered one body, adjust to receive Christ as a single body in the form of the host.Prior to evaluate the communion we collectively humble ourselves stating our unworthiness and asking for compassion and forgiveness for our transgressions. As particles of the congregation tour to the the altar, it represents a pilgrimage in this life from a journey of birth to death, and to the heavenly Father. Once each individual receives the host, we communally belong to t he larger body of Christ. An aspect of the phenomenological theory of communication as seen by Buber can be practically applied in this simulation. The I-Thou relationship is present when looking at the relationship each individual member of the ongregation has with their Creator, or even Catholicism itself. The act of worshiping communally creates an experience and sensory faculty of each other that reflects dialogue in Gadamers model of phenomenology.Prayer itself is a great example of the I-Thou relationship the Buber describes. Although it contradicts Gadamers parallel concept of conversation emphasizing the object or subject matter of conversation that brings people together in dialogue (p. 219). Buber also notes that, dialogue can be entirely wordless, yet deeply meaningful (p. 19), and talks about how sacred silence itself can be on page 227, which is pellucid throughout the moments of the liturgy in which individuals respond on an emotional level through reverence, humili ty, sorrow, or repentance. Burbers theory of a person living life with an open mind, open to experience and in inwardness living the life of dialogue is what resonates most for me. My critical exploration into understanding the Catholic mass has back up my dialogue in prayer with my creator, as well as my participation as a member of the Catholic church.It would be assumed that since developing a clearer understanding of the mass, that I would be regularly attending. That is not the case. What I grew to understand is that I cannot effectively belong to the congregation if I am not intrinsically communicating through action, intention and prayer when I attend. For that reason, I go to church when I have a deeper calling to do so. My I-Thou relationship within my faith is not compromised as I connect to my creator in conversation and prayer every day, however, my I-Thou relationship with the other church goers would be compromised and absentminded authenticity if I attend mass out of obligation.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen Essay Example for Free

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen EssayDuring the Enlightenment era, a period that lasted between the 17th and eighteenth centuries, European countries began associating with new methods of inquiry. There was a return to the classics, as well as a lovemaking for reason over religion. The big theme was that there were no limits to human understanding, and that all humans be good and equal in nature. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, an clause written by the National Assembly, is a prime example of an enlightenment text, for in seventeen simple articles, it expresses the basic rights of man and citizens. The first article states, men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good. During enlightenment, it was believed that all humans are good people, although there was always room for improvement.This idea relates to article one, for article one proclaims that social distin ctions are determined solely on how a person you are. Article two states, the aim of all political association is the preservation of the natural and imprescriptible rights of man. These rights are liberty, property, protective cover and resistance to oppression. Enlightenment thinkers believed that before the law, people have rights to life, liberty, property and the pursuit of happiness, which is directly represented in article two.The last article which truly exemplifies enlightenment ideas is article ten, which states, no one shall be sick on account of his opinions, including his religious views, provided their manifestation does not disturb the public order established by law. During enlightenment, people believed that there should be a separation between church and state. Article thirteen is a perfect example of this idea, proving that The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was an enlightenment- based text.

Musical Style and Innovations of Beethoven Essay Example for Free

Musical flare and Innovations of van Beethoven EssayMusical Style and InnovationsBeethoven is viewed as a transitional figure between the Classical and Romantic eras of euphonyal history. Above all, his works distinguish themselves from those of any prior composer through his origin of large, extended architectonic structures characterized by the extensive growing of musical material, themes, and motifs, usually by means of modulation, that is, a change in the feeling of the home key, through a mix of keys or harmonic regions.Although Haydns subsequent works often showed a greater fluidity between distant keys, Beethovens innovation was the ability to chop-chop establish a solidity in juxtaposing different keys and unexpected notes to join them. This expanded harmonic part creates a sense of a vast musical and experiential space through which the music moves, and the development of musical material creates a sense of unfolding drama in this space. In this way Beethovens music parallels the simultaneous development of the novel in literature, a literary number focused on the flavor drama and development of one or more individuals through complex life circumstances, and of contemporaneous German idealisms philosophical notion of self, mind, or spirit that unfolds through a complex process of contradictions and tensions between the indwelling and objective until a resolution or synthesis occurs in which all of these contradictions and developmental phases have been intractable or encompassed in a higher unity.Beethoven continued to expand the development section of works, extending a trend in the works of Haydn and Mozart, who had dramatically expanded both the length and substance of putzal music. As Beethovens major immediate predecessors and influences, he looked to their harmonic and formal models for his own works. However, both Mozart and Haydn placed the great lean of a musical campaign in the statement of ideas called the exposition, f or Beethoven the development section of a sonata form became the heart of the work. Beethoven was able to do this by making the development section not hardly longer, but overly more structured. The very long development section of the Eroica Symphony, for example, is divided into four near equal sections, making it, in effect, a sonata form within a sonata form. The first base movement unaccompanied of this symphony is as long as an entire typical Italian-style Mozart symphony from the 1770s. His focus on the developmentwould, like others of his innovations, set a trend that later composers would follow.Although Beethoven wrote many beautiful and lyrical melodies, other radical innovation of his music, compared especially to that of Mozart and Haydn, is his extensive use of forceful, marked, and plane stark roundic patterns throughout his compositions and, in particular, in his themes and motifs, just about of which are primarily rhythmic rather than melodic. Some of his m ost famous themes, much(prenominal) as those of the first movements of the three, Fifth, and Ninth symphonies, are primarily non-melodic rhythmic figures consisting of notes of a single chord, and the themes of the last movements of the Third and Seventh symphonies could more accurately be described as rhythms rather than as melodies.This use of rhythm was particularly well suited to the primacy of development in Beethovens music, since a single rhythmic pattern provoke more easily than a melody be taken through a succession of different, even remote, keys and harmonic regions while retaining and conveying an underlying unity. This allowed him to combine different features of his themes in a wide variety of ways, extending the techniques of Haydn in development (see Sonata Form).He also continued another trend towards bigger orchestras that went on until the first decade of the 20th century, and moved the center of the sound downwards in the orchestra, to the violas and the low er register of the violins and cellos, big(a) his music a heavier and darker feel than Haydn or Mozart. Gustav Mahler modified the orchestration of some of Beethovens music most notably the 3d and 9th symphonies with the idea of more accurately expressing Beethovens intent in an orchestra that had grown so much larger than the one Beethoven used for example, doubling woodwind parts to compensate for the fact that a innovational orchestra has so many more strings than Beethovens orchestra did. Needless to say, these efforts remain controversial. In his Fifth Symphony Beethoven introduced a striking motif, drawn from a late Haydn symphony, in the very opening bar, which he echoed in various forms in all four movements of the symphony.This is the first important occurrence of cyclic form. He was also fond of making usual what had antecedently been unusual in the Fifth Symphony, instead ofusing a stately minuet, as had been the norm for the dance movement of a four-movement work, h e created a dark march, which he used as the third movement and ran into the fourth without interruption. While one can point to previous works which had one or more of these individual features, his music, combined with the use of operatic scoring that he learned from Mehul and Cherubini, created a work which was altogether novel in effect too novel, in fact, for some critics of the time. On the other hand, his contemporary Spohr found the finale too baroque, though he praised the second movement as being in good Romantic style.His Ninth Symphony included a choir and solo voices in the 4th movement for the first time, and made extensive use of fugues, which were generally considered to be a different form of music, and again unusual in symphonies.He wrote one opera, Fidelio. It has been said that he wrote beautiful vocal music without regard for the limitations of human singers, treating the voice as if it were a symphonic instrument even though his conversation books note his d esire to make his music singable and include references that level that he had remembered his fathers singing lessons.Beethovens development and works are typically divided into three halts an early period in which his works show especially the influence of Mozart and Haydn a middle, mature period in which he developed his distinctive individual style, sometimes characterized as heroic and a late period, in which he wrote works of a highly evolved, individuated, sometimes fragmented and unorthodox style sometimes characterized as a priori and sublime, where he tried to combine the baroque ideas of Handel and Bach with his icons Mozart and Haydn. In his late years he called Handel my revered master.In contrast to Mozart, he labored heavily over his work, leaving intermediate drafts that provide substantial insight into his creative process. Early drafts of his Ninth Symphony used rough vertical marks on the score in place of actual notes, to indicate the structure he had in mind for the melody. Studies of his resume books show the working out of dozens of variations on a particular theme, changing themes to fit with an overall structure that evolved over time, and extensive sketching of counter-melodies.