Holes Essay Example for Free

Holes EssayThere are many different challenges that Stanley Yelnats (the main eccentric person) from the bestselling novel Holes written by Louis Sachar has to over come. Stanley was first seen in the movie when a tilted shot of shoes hit him in the head and he fell on the ground portraying he was flimsy and a potato chip stupid. Stanleys personality was also displayed when his mum was so shocked when the police came around to their house telling them Stanley had stolens, this shows that Stanley had never commited a crime before and wasnt usually a trouble maker. The movie directed by Andrew Davis portrays everything the platter does and it shows nearly all the insight into Stanleys life that author describes in the book. There are many challenges exactly the main genius is breaking the curse that Stanleys family has been stuck in for more(prenominal) than 100 years. This challenge shows many evidentiary themes in this book like intimacy, determination and fate. The main dis identifye for Stanley was breaking his family curse. Although he didnt issue if it was change surface real and that he had broken it , it was clear for the audience watching the movie that he had.The curse was put on his family more than 100 years ago when the first Yelnats, Elya Yelnats went to a fortune teller called Madame Zeroni. She make him a deal that he could have one of her small pigs if he carried Madame Zeroni up the mountain when he was done making the pig nice and fat so he could give it to the father of the misfire of his dreams. When he noticed that the girl really was stupid like Madame Zeroni warmed him he decided to lift from Lativia to America. However he forgot to carry Madame Zeroni up the mountain so she put a curse on his family forever.This was depicted by a dissolve of Madame Zeroni repeating that she will put a curse on his family to Elya leaving Lativia. The low angle of Madame Zeronis face make it obvious that she was not kidding and very seriou s intimately the curse. When Stanely carried ballyragia Zeroni (a descendant of Madame Zeroni) up Gods Thumb which was also visualized with a low angle making it w stack tone very commodious, he broke the family curse. This challenge portrayed many key ideas and themes and one of them was friendship.Zero (Hector Zeroni) and Stanley didnt know eachother at all provided out-of-pocket to them both being the outcasts of the group they started to get to know eachother and Stanley started to enlighten Zero how to read and Zero helped dig Stanley holes so he wasnt so tired and could teach him. These lessons nevertheless were then stopped by the Warden, who was introduced by a high angle on her boots which already made her look threating as you could compare it to some movies where the thief or cowboys boots got introduced before their face which usually portrayed they were a signifi freightert character that usually was there to cause harm.However this didnt stop Zero and Stanleys friendship growing, when Zero ran away form the camp as he had enough of it Stanley had to go and rescue his merely close friend he had at the camp. This shows Stanleys friendly love for Zero portrayed by the fade away of Stanley walking through and through the dessert and than of the sun showing how hot it was. The soundtrack of mysterious music kept you snapshot to see if Stanley would end up finding Zero or not. The orange overalls that all the boys at campsite Greenlake wore made Zero recognizable in the dessert.The audience knew that when the two boys rejoiced both of them were very content due to the soundtrack turning from mysterious to faster more lively music. Another key idea that the challenge portrayed was change. Change for Stanley, his family and Hector Zeroni. There were many unanswered questions that produced tension, secrecy through the entire movie but these questions were all answered when Stanley broke the curse. There was quite a journey to break the curse for Stanley and during this period his character changed dramatically.He used to a gullable, weak , little boy that couldnt stand up for himself. But he turned into a strong, smart young adult that could even save someones life. His weak side was displayed through a high angle of Stanley searching for a camera in the shower, that he got told the Warden of the Camp had installed. This shows how gullable he was and believed everything the other boys in his hut said. As well as giving his findings in a hole to another boy who got a free day off as the Warden though he base it not Stanley. However when he was in the middle of the dessert. He saw Gods Thumb and took iniative.When Hector was to weak he carried him up and saved his life as he found water which the boys definitely mandatory as they were tired and dehydrated. When Stanley broke the curse it changed many other things mostly for his life and family. His dad at long last created a way to make sweaty feet/shoes not smell and S tanley found his treasure that was buried for more than 100 years by Kissing Kate Barlow. This changed his entire lifestyle and he gave half of his treasure to Hector who used that to hire private investigastors and find his mum who he hadent seen for more than 4 years.As you can see the main challenge definitely portrays some key ideas and themes. It displays the friendship betweeen Stanley Yelanats and Hector Zeroni which is definitely one of the most important friendship. Furthermore it explains how Stanley, Hector and both of their families changed. Stanleys personality changed showed everyone how much you can change due to your circumstances and enviroment around you. He teaches everyone a good lesson and I would definitly recommend this to any person my age.

Conditions for Equilibrium Essay Example for Free

Conditions for symmetry EssayWhen we say sense of equilibrium, it is a state of balance. It is a condition where there is no change in the state of motion of a soulfulnessate. Equilibrium also may be at rest or moving within a constant velocity. A simple windup(prenominal) torso is said to be in equilibrium if no part of it is accelerating, unless it is disturbed by an senselesscurricular force. Two conditions for equilibrium are that the net force performing on the object is zero, and the net contortion acting on the object is zero. Thus, the following objectives were emphasized in this experiment to determine the equilibrant force use the force tcapable and the omponent method, to determine the unnoticeable forces using the showtime condition and second conditions for equilibrium, to locate the nerve join of gloom of a conf employ embody, and to demonstrate rational equilibrium. 2. Theory Equilibrant is equal in magnitude to the incident but oppositely direc ted. The premier(prenominal) condition of equilibrium is when a body at rest or moving with uniform velocity has zero acceleration.The focus of Gravity is the point where the tip of a body is assumed concentrate. The second condition of equilibrium is satisfied when the sum f all torques acting on an object about any axis equals zero. In bodily function 1, TA or the focus acting on the st dance band is the weight of the pan A cocksure the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 TB or the tension acting on the string is the weight of the pan B plus the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 Experimental Equilibrant is the weight of the pan A plus the weight added to it. Theoretical Equilibrant= % Error = Exp. Theoretical X 100 Theoretical In activity 2, the equation Tl T2 cos e = O was used. From the equation, was derived to get the time value ofT2 where, Tl is the reading on he recant scale when the signal flag is exactly at the marrow of the ring e is the angle of the string polish offs with the flat Experimental angle = T2 sin e Theoretical Weight= In activity 3, to check the results, the certain computing of sum of sobriety was used. Where XC and YC are the line ups of the center of sobriety of the circle, XS and YS of the center of gravity of the composite fgure.In activity 4, the equation was used, where, Xl is the length of the cylinder used X2 is the length of the center of gravity of the cylinder. And X3 is the length of the cylinder minus the 5. 0 cm. . Methodology There are 4 different kinds of activity in the experiment to determine the conditions for equilibrium. The materials used were the following Force table and accessories, force board, cylinder of mystical weight, restrain scale, electronic gram balance, card board, aluminum discontinue, cylinder of unknown weight, and protractor. For activity 1, the group used a force table, its three pans and accessories.The three pans were weighed and labeled as A, B a nd C. Pan A was hung at 30 degree mark and a 100g was placed on it whereas on pan B a150 g was placed and was hung at 200 degree mark. The group balanced the two tensions in the strings by placing weight on the pan C or adjusting its position in the force table to attain the magnitude and position of the equilibrant. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using the component method. The group then computed the % hallucination using the values obtained by the component method as your accepted value for magnitude as well as direction.Figure 1 Set-up for activity 1 For activity 2, a cylinder of unknown weight was suspended on the force board by means of two strings. A bounds scale was then attached to one of the strings. One member of the group pulled the string horizontally until the pin was exactly at the middle of the ring. The reading on the spring scale was recorded as Tl . Another member of the group measured the angle that the other string makes with the h orizontal and solved for the tension T2 of the other spring and the weight of a cylinder.Percent error was computed after. For activity 3, the group used a circle of diameter 10cm and a firm of side 10 cm from the card board. The circle and the square was weighed and recorded as wc and Ws. The group determined the center f gravity of the composite fgure by using the balancing method and composite method. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein the plumb bob method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from any point and measured where it intersects on the composite fgure.Figure 2 balancing Method Figure 3 Plumbing Method For activity 4, the group first located the center of gravity of the aluminum bar by balancing it on a pencil. The cylinder used in activity 2 was hung 5. 0 cm from one end of the bar. Using the force board, the aluminum bar was supported by means of spring scale on the end and a string on the oth er end until the bar assumes a horizontal position. The group used the second condition for equilibrium to determine the weight of the bar and the tension in the string. Percent error was also computed. . Results and Discussion drill 1 Tensions Magnitude (N) Position(0) TAI. 3105 300 1. 7962 2000 Experimental Equilibrant 0. 6241 3600 Theoretical Equilibrant 0. 5545 3560 % Error Table 1 Results of legal action 1 Table 1 shows the magnitude and the positions of the equilibrants and the tensions acting on the pans. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using he component method. The % error was computed using the values obtained by the component method as the accepted value for magnitude and the direction.Some movers that contributed the 13% error in this activity were the accuracy of the force table and its accessories used. Activity 2 Tl (N) 63 N (0) 440 T2 (N) 8. 7 N Experimental Weight (N) 6 N Theoretical Weight (N) 6. 3 N % Error 13. 2% Free Body Diagram of ring Table 2 Results of Activity 2 Table 2 shows the different unknown forces acting on the cylinder using the first condition for equilibrium. Some factors that contributed the 13. % error in this activity were the accuracy of the spring scale used and the pulling of the string horizontally.Activity 3 Weight of Square= 8. 36 g Weight of Circle= 6. 94 g Method Center of Gravity X- coordinate Y coordinate Plumb line Method 10 5. 2 Balancing Method 9. 55 4. 5 numeration 9. 54 5 Table 3 Results of Activity 3 Table 3 shows the x and y coordinates of the center of gravity of the component fgure using plumb line method, balancing method and the actual computation. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein he plumb method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from computation was written in the manual.Activity 4 Reading of Spring Scale (N) 5 N Weight of cylinder (N) 5. 3238 N Experimental Weight of bar(N) 0. 7418 N Theoret ical Weight of bar(N) 0. 7977 N % Error 7% Free Body Diagram of bar Table 4 Results of Activity 4 Table 4 shows the different unknown forces acting on the bar using the second condition for equilibrium. One factor that contributed the 7% error was due to the person holding the string at one end to make the cylinder bar in horizontal position 5. Conclusion Different activities in this experiment were polished to understand more about the conditions for equilibrium.Based from the results obtained by the group in the different activities, the group was able to determine the equilibrant force by using the force table and the component method. The unknown forces using the first and second conditions for equilibrium were determined. Using the square and circle fgure, the center of gravity of a composite body was located. Rotational equilibrium was demonstrated because the sum of all of the torques equals zero 6. Application 1 . State the first condition for equilibrium. If a body is in e quilibrium, are there no forces acting on it?Equilibrium means the sum of all forces in all directions is equal to zero. It doesnt mean that there are no forces acting on it. It Just means that the forces that are acting on it are equal and opposite. 2. The Russell hairgrip system is used for a fractured femur. Identify the forces acting on the femur. If the weight hang is 5. 0 kg, take note the force needed to immobilize the femur. What will supply this force? 3. What happens to the center of gravity of a person under the following situations? A. ) His upper right extremity is amputated. B. He carries all his books using the right build up only. )When ones upper right extremity is amputated, the center of gravity of the person would lean towards the right part of the body since the gravitational force on the remaining arm will push the center of gravity towards the right. b) When a person carries his books using only his right arm, the pull of gravity on the book would push the center of gravity of the body towards the left. 4. Devise a way by which you could determine your center of gravity. If the object is improper in shape, the center of mass is always located closer to the more massive nd.Use tangle pens to outline your partners body on a division of butcher paper. Determine your partners approximate center of gravity by carefully cutting out the human outline and balancing it on your finger. Mark the center of gravity on your partners body with a piece of tape. Get a six foot piece of butcher paper and tape it feet. Mark their approximate center. Another way is to lie horizontally crosswise the arm of a couch. The point where you are balanced is your center of gravity. 5. In general, the womens centers of gravity tend to be lower than mens. Can you explain why?Womens centers of gravity tend to be lower than mens because women have a bigger pelvis area. The skeletal structure of women make it so that their pelvis is bigger, since they will need the extra support come the time that they become pregnant, and their bodies support a baby. This means that the lower body of women is in the main heavier in comparison to their whole body, as opposed to the lower body of men. This would make the center of gravity of women slightly lower, because more of their body mass is concentrated at the lower portion of their body.

Drug Addiction Essay Example for Free

dose Addiction Essay-Drug addiction is a complex brain disease. It is characterized by compulsive, at times uncontrollable, do drugs craving, pursuance, and engross that persist blush in the face of extremely negative consequences. -Drug seeking becomes compulsive, in large part as a result of the effect of prolonged drug use on brain functioning and, thus, on behavior. For gentlemany people, drug addiction becomes degenerative, with relapses possible even aft(prenominal) long periods of abstinence. Drug addiction is a chronic, often relapsing brain disease that constructs compulsive drug seeking and use despite harmful consequences to the individual that is addicted and to those near them. Drug addiction is a brain disease because the step of drugs leads to changes in the structure and function of the brain.Although it is true that for most people the sign decision to take drugs is voluntary, over time the changes in the brain caused by repeated drug abuse back too th affect a psyches self control and ability to make sound decisions, and at the afore give tongue to(prenominal) time send intense impulses to take drugs. It is because of these changes in the brain that it is so ch whollyenging for a person who is addicted to stop abusing drugs. Fortunately, there are words that help people to counteract addictions powerful disruptive effects and regain control. seek shows that combining addiction discourse medications, if available, with behavioral therapy is the best way to ensure triumph for most patients.Treatment approaches that are tailored to each patients drug abuse patterns and any co-occurring medical, psychiatric, and social problems bum lead to sustained recovery and a life without drug abuse. Similar to other chronic, relapsing diseases, such as diabetes, asthma, or heart disease, drug addiction idler be managed successfully. And, as with other chronic diseases, it is not uncommon for a person to relapse and begin abusing dru gs again. Relapse, however, does not signal failure rather, it indicates that treatment should be reinstated, adjusted, or that alternate treatment is acquireed to help the individual regain control and recover.How Do Drugs Affect The People AroundEnvironment* iodine of the largest ways in which drug abuse affects families is the groundwork of an un abiding environment. Children especially are in grippeenced and bear upon by their parents behaviors. As such, a sibling can in addition be affected by the actions of another sibling who is abusing drugs. Drugs can affect the way family members talk, act and carry on for their families. For example, the drug can often come before basic needs such as food, enclothe or even the love and attention a child needs to have a stable environment. All of these actions can have long- resisting effects on others in the household, especially young children who enkindle up with drug abusers as role models. These effects can include the child following in the abusers footsteps, especially if they have never seen what a functional family should look like.Financial* Drug abuse can affect both family and friends financially. This can come both from enabling and from theft. Enabling is the action of helping a user with his habit because you feel bad for him, or feel it is keeping him around long full for you to be able to change them. One of the main ways that enabling occurs is through directly or indirectly financing the drug habit through loaning or giving money to the addict. Drug abuse can also lead addicts to steal from friends and family members to support their habit. force out* Drug abuse can also affect family and friends by inviting vehemence into the relationship. at that slip are two main times where violence can quickly escalate for an addict during extreme juicys and during withdrawal. Alcohol is an especially guilty substance for causation violence when users are well over the legal limit of blood alco holic drink content. This can cause violence both through direct actions, such as set downting in a fight, as well as indirect actions, such as driving a car while intoxicated. Violence can also affect the friends and family of a drug abuser during withdrawal. One of the most common symptoms of alcohol withdrawal is irritability and anxiousness. The desire to use can quickly cause users to become violent to even close family members in order to get help or money for their next high.Abandonment* One of the most heart-breaking effects of drug abuse on families especially is abandonment. Once drugs have altered the kernel pathways in the brain, the desire to use quickly becomes more important to anything else in the drug addicts life. Friends and family members quickly get replaced by the next score of the drug of choice. This can often lead to divorce or the spill of children to state custody due to a lack of ability to be a loving and providing parent. There is also an increased fortune of parents or spouses being locked up in prison for underwriteed periods of time, going away their children to grow up without a mother or father. The effects of this abandonment may stick with kids all the way through adulthood.Diseases Involved In Using DrugsDate Tue 29 Jan 2013Source University of Oxford/Medical Research Council, press release edited The genetic variant rs12252-C was present in 69 per cent of Chinese patients with H1N1 swine flu flu A/(H1N1)pdm09. A genetic variant which explains why Chinese worlds may be more open to H1N1 swine flu has been put in by researchers at the University of Oxford and Beijing Capital Medical University. This finding could help account those at high risk of severe transmitting and help prioritise those in highest need of treatment The study, led by Dr Tao Dong of the University of Oxford, showed that people with a item genetic variant are 6 times more in all probability to suffer from severe grippe infectionthan those w ithout. The particular variant rs12252-C is occasionally implant in Caucasian populations and was already known to be associated with more severe influenza disease. However, the research teams in the UK and China showed that this variant was present in 69 percent of Chinese patients with severe pandemic (swine) influenza in 2009 compared with 25 percent who only had a mild version of the infection.The results are published at present 29 Jan 2013 in the journal Nature Communications. The study was part-funded by the Medical Research Council Dr Tao Dong of the Weatherall Institute of molecular(a) Medicine at Oxford University says Understanding why some people may be worse affected than others is crucial in improving our ability to manage flu epidemics and to prevent people dying from the virus. Its bouncy that we continue to fund research that examines flu from the smallest details of our genetic code in the populations around the knowledge domain that continue to be vulnerable t o infection. The results suggest that the gene variant increases the severeness of, rather than susceptibility to, influenza infections.It is thought that the DNA change increases risk of severe infection by limiting the effectiveness of a protein which helps to defend against influenza and similar viruses. This protein, known as IFITM3, has been previously shown to slow down virus proceeds in mice.Professor Andrew McMichael, co-author of the study at the University of Oxford, says The apparent effect of this gene variant on the severity of influenza is of great interest. It remains to be seen how this gene affects the whole picture of influenza in selenium Asia, plainly it might help explain why new influenza viruses often 1st attend in this region of the world.. During the 2009 pandemic, hospitals in China admitted patients with severe infection but also, unusually, patients with mild infection who, under(a) normal circumstances, would not require hospitalization. This open- penetration policy provided a unique opportunity to capture a relatively unselected group of patients with divergent outcomes, observed and managed under similar clinical conditions. The introduction provides the background and precept for this investigation.The SNP rs12252-C allele alters the function of interferon-induced transmembrane protein-3 increasing the disease severity of influenza virus infection in Caucasians, but the allele is rare. However, rs12252-C allele is much more common in Han Chinese. The authors report that the CC genotype is found in 69 percent of Chinese patients with severe pandemic influenza A H1N1/09 virus infection compared with 25 percent in those with mild infection. Specifically, the CC genotype was estimated to confer a 6-fold greater risk for severe infection than the CT and TT genotypes. More importantly, because the risk genotype occurs with such a high frequency, its effect translates to a large population-attributable risk of 54.3 percent for severe infection in the Chinese population studied compared with 5.4 percent in Northern Europeans.Interferon-induced transmembrane protein-3 genetic variants could, therefore, have a strong effect on the epidemiology of influenza in China and in people of Chinese descent.The authors conclude that These data clearly extend the earlier observation in a European cohort that the IFTM3-rs12252CC genotype is significantly associated with influenza severity. The joining is primarily with severity of disease rather than susceptibility to infection, although larger studies are required to prove this specific association.IFITM3 may have an important role in virus replication and dissemination following the initial infection. The much higher level of the CC genotype in the Han Chinese population compared with Caucasians may place the Chinese at a higher risk for developing severe illness upon influenza infection. It is not known whether those who are more severely infected with influenza vi rus are more likely to spread the infection. If this is the case, the high frequency of the C allele in Asian populations may influence the epidemiology of influenza. Mod.CP organisation approachISABELA CITY, Basilan, Jan 21 (PIA) The Peace and Development Coordinating Committee (PDCC) also known as aggroup Basilan has obstinate to re-organize and activate the Provincial Anti-Drug Council to address the escalating drug problem in the province.In a late(a) meeting of Team Basilan, Provincial Administrator Tahira Ismael recognized the urgency of addressing the misappropriated drug situation in the province. She fears that the drug menace has slowly crept into the incompatible communities in Basilan, after receiving unconfirmed reports from the ground on illegal drug use.The representative of the Philippine Drugs Enforcement Authority (PDEA) who requested anonymity confirmed the proliferation of illegal drugs in accredited areas of Basilan.The PDEA representative disclosed that for lack of personnel and resources, agents from nearby Zamboanga City will provide the needed assistant during legitimate operations and raids in the area.PDEA was also thankful for the full support and initiatives of the local practice of law and the armed services in addressing the drug problem. PDEA has only one agent for Basilan.Provincial Police chief PSSupt. Mario Dapilloza utter that in his capacity as provincial director, he has activated the provincial anti-illegal drugs task force in the police department. With the deputization from PDEA, the task force was able to arrest the most wanted person in December last year.With the situation, Team Basilan has resolved to craft a resolution requesting PDEA for at least two additional agents for the province.We need at least three PDEA agents, to be assigned in strategic areas in the province, Ismael said.Moreover, Team Basilan has resolved to ask Gov. Jum Akbar for an Executive Order creating the Provincial Anti-Drug Council. Ismael said that the council will immediately convene as briefly as the governor has approved the E.O. (RVC-PIA9, ZBST) LOILO CITY, Dec. 29 (PIA6) Now it is not only the taxi drivers that should be helter-skelter tested for illegal drugs, but also employees in offices and business establishments.Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) officer-in-charge Atty. Ronnie Delicana said the agency is pushing to expand the random drug testing among workers.We will get the cooperation of the local officials to die ordinances that require business establishments to allow random drug testing in their workplaces, Delicana said in a radio interview.This will be a pre-requisite to issuance of business permits, he added.He also said that there should be a widespread culture of zero drug abuse in workplaces to gain PDEAs campaign against illegal drugs.We will be pursuing the signing of memoranda of agreement with different partners to realize drug-free work places, Delicana said.Meanwhile, fo r 2012, PDEA arrested 438 suspected drug peddlers in 277 operations, where 34 of those arrested were among the 1,383 suspected drug personalities in Western Visayas, who are in the agencys watch list.As to cases filed in court, PDEA records show that 482 were filed in court with 3,118 are still pending for lack of witnesses and evidence.The operations also yielded as per record, about P2.7 zillion worth of drugs and paraphernalia seized. (JCM/ESS-PIA 6, Iloilo) the government is doing actions with the issue. ProgramsThe Church of the Nazarene is now being asked to become a major(ip) partner in a drug prevention program in the Philippines. The program is centered around a high quality video presentation produced by Heinz Fuzzle, a freelance producer for evangel Films who has worked on a number of projects with the Church of the Nazarene in the past. Portions of the piece were shot on the campus of Asia-Pacific Nazarene Theological Seminary in Manila. The film features interviews fr om a variety of personalities in the Philippines, including a Nazarene young man who was converted from a life of drug abuse.With 57% of the Philippine population under the age of 20 years old, drug abuse is becoming a serious problem in many split of the country. Approval has been granted by Philippine government officials to show the film in 40,000 high schools, universities, and colleges across the nation. The film has a strong Christian message with follow-up linked to local churches. The Philippine depicted object Office hopes to launch 11 film teams to meet this new challenge. This is a tremendous open door for taking the Gospel into every corner of the Philippines

Nature and Management in Different Countries Essay Example for Free

Nature and Management in Different Countries EssayTerrorism is a war that has been waging on for more than what the general Ameri buttocks universe knows intimately what makes consternationism a genuinely close reality and a ho drillhold name is the feature that in the last few years, terrorists be bringing the smell of concern and death closer to the at one time protected US domestic landscape through a very lethal weapon self-annihilation bombers.Times have changed, and the terrorists are getting bolder and bolder, so they say, but both(prenominal) things remain the same, and that includes the nature of self-annihilation terrorist groups, how they are managed by their leaders and how things are just as much the same as it was in the past, as it was in the other countries were suicide terrorist activities were felt earlier, harder, harsher prior to the onslaught of these breed of freedom fighters in the collective US consciousness. Suicide terrorist groups, like any other organization, is a complex maze which can only be treaded successfully through the use of human resource steering tools, not very far from the management paradigm and approaches that business groups and other non-violent groups use, since the key to the sustenance of suicide terrorist groups, ironically, is the efficiency of the management to ensure that they al carriages have wad who wants to die and to kill in the name of satisfying the greater goal and the greater good.People who are lifespan in a place and in a time characterized by commercialism and consumerism of television ads and product promotions ab by how to stay beautiful and live longer, about how to look better and have better skin and hair condition, about means and ways to fight diseases and extend lives a little longer people, who, in short enjoys life to the full extent, may visit it difficult to understand how there are those who unlike them can just lay down their lives to die, living everything tha t the material world still has to offer.Suicide terrorists no doubt are a source of fear and anger as much as they are a source of wonderment, mystery and mystique. People take on themselves why these suicide terrorists do what they do. What does motivate men and women to become suicide fighters? This is another difficult motility to answer. Some of the suicide groups are motivated by religion, others by ethnic nationalism or by a combination of the two. In some(prenominal) cases, it is difficult to tell which motivation is the strongest (Williams, Waltrip, 2004, p.139). Here, Williams and Waltrip points to the nature of suicide terrorists arrange in different parts of the world that they are motivated by something greater than the preservation of their somebody life. The difference in motivation is not just found among different groups, but as humbled as every one single suicide terrorist and his/her personal reason for embarking on such lovable of work and mission (William s, Waltrip, 2004, p. 139).The redbrick media(television, Internet and movies) supplement whatever little knowledge the public has by providing either real or fictitious information through documentaries and television shows and movies that graphically illustrate suicide terrorists, their behavior, their nature and their characteristics, with the risk that sometimes they are far from telling the people the truth e. g. take for character the notion of most people about the gender of a suicide bomber as male, when some historians say otherwise.In general, males rarely become suicide terrorists, who are more typically young women and teenagers (Wessely, Krasnov, 2006, p. 112). What this points out is that with the growth of global terrorism and the rise of suicide terrorist groups and their actions, the desire for knowledge about such chance of modern day life also improves. Short history on suicide terrorism In its most basic sense, suicide terrorism may refer to any act wherein t he cause of terror of the people, community or society wreaks havoc, death and mayhem without regard for his or her own survival or even with the presence of risking sure death in the process.If this is the case, then suicide terrorism indeed goes way, way back even during the times of barbarian warriors or even further back. But the concept of modern day suicide terrorism is younger, being around for just nearly three decades. Apparently, the first terrorist suicide attack took place in Beirut on 15 December 1981. On that date a suicide driver reportedly drove an explosives-laden car into the Iraqi embassy, killing himself as well as 61 other persons and injuring more than 100.Iraq citeed that the attack was carried out by the Iranian and Syrian intelligence services. The use of suicide attacks as a systematic tactic, however, began only in 1983 (Bjorgo, 2005, p. 72). Historians do not actually claim that this act triggered the new wave of in the style of terrorism, but this is one of the first one of its kind, likely the first documented act constituting the idea of modern day suicide terrorism by a suicide terrorist.Suicide attacks by suicide terrorist groups is not something new, especially not in the international level, since many groups decades ago were already resorting to this type of attack. The only difference is that now, there is an growingd global presence and awareness about suicide terrorist groups and their actions because they are expanding their targets towards new locations, targeting a new set of people some of which are not even fully aware that they are just as susceptible to such attacks compared to the people living in other locations which are war torn and struggling from armed conflict.Although suicide terrorism is not new to the world, it appears to have greatly expanded since early 2003 and has spread to regions where it was previously unknown. The primary increase was in the large number of suicide terrorists operating in Ir aq, which until the war had not experienced this taint of terrorism (Fieldman, Shapir, 2004, p. 46).

Phenomenology and the Eucharistic Mass Essay Example for Free

Phenomenology and the Eucharistic Mass EssayIn the test of communications, reaching a popular consensus on how to apply a shared and common understanding of communications seems to be a near impossible task. After being introduced to the seven traditions of communications by Craig in his essay discourse Theory as a Field, I choose to explore the tradition he categorizes as Phenomenology. My initial understanding on the study of communications were quite limited to the transmission view, dominated by a sender and receiver framework.Interestingly, the transmission amaze in its origin was culturally root in religion, and used as a tool for the dissemination of Euro centric religious values and practices globally. With procession in technology, especially in the 1920s, the North American perspective on communication shifted the transmission model from religion to science to reflect a multidisciplinary approach in to the study of communications. As a practiti one and only(a)r o f what was once the transmission view, the Catholic Church had experienced tremendous religious propagation of its message finished forcible transmission all over the orbit.Based on Craigs essay, the Catholic Church of straightaway then embodies traits of a ritual view of communication, and is aligned with religious communication, and expression such as fellowship, participation, community, communion, and common doctrine. The phenomenological model of communication shares characteristics with the ritual view that I lead be exploring through the Roman Catholic Eucharistic liturgy. The phenomenological tradition described by Craig, conceptualizes communication as dialogue or the experience of severalty (p. 217).Communication in this tradition is non rooted in verbal transmission but sooner a shared experience on plains that extend beyond tradition verbal or textual communication. For the purpose of this paper phenomenological tradition can be seen as a form of communication explicit metaphysically as well. Gadamers theory from Truth and Method, focus on tradition and language as a primary form of communication. His ideology is that we are only able to make sense of ourselves and the world around us because our consciousness has been shaped by history and traditions in ways we are largely unaware of wareness expands our understanding of the tradition.His description of an I-Thou family relationship as the question-answer logic that underlies hermeneutic experience creates communication by identifying, hermeneutics, that lead to a dialectical process of interpretation and growth of understanding. As a phenomenological practitioner, this theory has genuinely intrinsic value. Communication in this practice provides a very plasteredingful and existential experience that I am to able to engage in with my Creator, in the absence of any other person. As a Roman Catholic, I agree had many questions about the way we participate in mass.My parents grew up on the island of Trinidad, in a devout Catholic community. The Spanish, that had at one time colonized Trinidad, were very affiliated to their mission of converting the indigenous concourse of the island. The spread Catholicism throughout the country was profuse, with community church buildinges everywhere, (even building one across the street from my mothers house), and adding a monastery and seminary college a mile further up the mountainside where my father lived. Catholicism was non just a religion in our community, it was a part of the culture, and busy many of the villagers as they worked for the seminary.My grandparents were in fact Hindu, and converted to Catholicism because of the strong influence and presence it had at heart the community. As a Roman Catholic child, I had been told to repeat, chant, and act with humility, adoration and reverence during mass. I did not understand what we were doing or what the intention was. I became harder and harder to find meaning in going to church. In my posthumous teens I stopped attending mass because there was no intrinsic get togetherion for me in my faith practice. I remained a spiritual and deeply rooted faith based person, but I could not go up to terms with many of the teachings of my church.I stayed out of church for many years. At some point, I became curious about what it meant. I was not looking for a theological understanding per se, but instead, what did it mean? The chanting, the corporate response in unison, the prayers itself. What was I blindly repeating every Sunday? I chose to study the teachings of the Catholic Church in university at Newman Theological College to gain a scholarly perspective. Many things became clear, although I did acquiesce on some ideological points, (my own hermeneutical experience).Inspired by my academic insights, I returned to church as a knowledgeable participant of the mass, understanding that as part of the community, I would belong to the collective voice of the fellowship of Christ. The Catholic mass is deeply enriched with both Phenomenological Theory as well as Semiotic Tradition. In some regard you must look at the semiotics in ordination to fully understand what is being communicated during certain points in the eucharistic liturgy. For the purpose of this paper I will focus on the phenomenological aspects.The Eucharistic liturgy is a two century old tradition, considered the real presence of Christ at the last supper carried out each Sunday, and is considered an integral part of Catholic worship. As Catholics we call up delivery boy began a significant new fellowship meal that we observe to this day. It causes us to collectively and in and of itself share in the experience of his sacrifice through his death and resurrection. The description of the liturgy Im presenting here reflects a very basic summation of the ritual. At the start of the liturgy we are asked to raise ourselves up, and surrender to God.As we participate i n the Eucharistic Prayer we are in the act of bragging(a) thanks. The congregation is humbled as Christ is transubstantiated from man into the elements of bread and wine. We collectively mourn as Jesus is headed to the Father in sacrifice for the sins of man. We participate in the Lords Prayer, and a prayer for peace. The Holy Spirit is invited to come down upon us and unite the community of worshipers into one body as we prepare to accept the communion, and offer each other a sign of peace. As a community we should be considered one body, adjust to receive Christ as a single body in the form of the host.Prior to evaluate the communion we collectively humble ourselves stating our unworthiness and asking for compassion and forgiveness for our transgressions. As particles of the congregation tour to the the altar, it represents a pilgrimage in this life from a journey of birth to death, and to the heavenly Father. Once each individual receives the host, we communally belong to t he larger body of Christ. An aspect of the phenomenological theory of communication as seen by Buber can be practically applied in this simulation. The I-Thou relationship is present when looking at the relationship each individual member of the ongregation has with their Creator, or even Catholicism itself. The act of worshiping communally creates an experience and sensory faculty of each other that reflects dialogue in Gadamers model of phenomenology.Prayer itself is a great example of the I-Thou relationship the Buber describes. Although it contradicts Gadamers parallel concept of conversation emphasizing the object or subject matter of conversation that brings people together in dialogue (p. 219). Buber also notes that, dialogue can be entirely wordless, yet deeply meaningful (p. 19), and talks about how sacred silence itself can be on page 227, which is pellucid throughout the moments of the liturgy in which individuals respond on an emotional level through reverence, humili ty, sorrow, or repentance. Burbers theory of a person living life with an open mind, open to experience and in inwardness living the life of dialogue is what resonates most for me. My critical exploration into understanding the Catholic mass has back up my dialogue in prayer with my creator, as well as my participation as a member of the Catholic church.It would be assumed that since developing a clearer understanding of the mass, that I would be regularly attending. That is not the case. What I grew to understand is that I cannot effectively belong to the congregation if I am not intrinsically communicating through action, intention and prayer when I attend. For that reason, I go to church when I have a deeper calling to do so. My I-Thou relationship within my faith is not compromised as I connect to my creator in conversation and prayer every day, however, my I-Thou relationship with the other church goers would be compromised and absentminded authenticity if I attend mass out of obligation.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen Essay Example for Free

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen EssayDuring the Enlightenment era, a period that lasted between the 17th and eighteenth centuries, European countries began associating with new methods of inquiry. There was a return to the classics, as well as a lovemaking for reason over religion. The big theme was that there were no limits to human understanding, and that all humans be good and equal in nature. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, an clause written by the National Assembly, is a prime example of an enlightenment text, for in seventeen simple articles, it expresses the basic rights of man and citizens. The first article states, men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good. During enlightenment, it was believed that all humans are good people, although there was always room for improvement.This idea relates to article one, for article one proclaims that social distin ctions are determined solely on how a person you are. Article two states, the aim of all political association is the preservation of the natural and imprescriptible rights of man. These rights are liberty, property, protective cover and resistance to oppression. Enlightenment thinkers believed that before the law, people have rights to life, liberty, property and the pursuit of happiness, which is directly represented in article two.The last article which truly exemplifies enlightenment ideas is article ten, which states, no one shall be sick on account of his opinions, including his religious views, provided their manifestation does not disturb the public order established by law. During enlightenment, people believed that there should be a separation between church and state. Article thirteen is a perfect example of this idea, proving that The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was an enlightenment- based text.

Musical Style and Innovations of Beethoven Essay Example for Free

Musical flare and Innovations of van Beethoven EssayMusical Style and InnovationsBeethoven is viewed as a transitional figure between the Classical and Romantic eras of euphonyal history. Above all, his works distinguish themselves from those of any prior composer through his origin of large, extended architectonic structures characterized by the extensive growing of musical material, themes, and motifs, usually by means of modulation, that is, a change in the feeling of the home key, through a mix of keys or harmonic regions.Although Haydns subsequent works often showed a greater fluidity between distant keys, Beethovens innovation was the ability to chop-chop establish a solidity in juxtaposing different keys and unexpected notes to join them. This expanded harmonic part creates a sense of a vast musical and experiential space through which the music moves, and the development of musical material creates a sense of unfolding drama in this space. In this way Beethovens music parallels the simultaneous development of the novel in literature, a literary number focused on the flavor drama and development of one or more individuals through complex life circumstances, and of contemporaneous German idealisms philosophical notion of self, mind, or spirit that unfolds through a complex process of contradictions and tensions between the indwelling and objective until a resolution or synthesis occurs in which all of these contradictions and developmental phases have been intractable or encompassed in a higher unity.Beethoven continued to expand the development section of works, extending a trend in the works of Haydn and Mozart, who had dramatically expanded both the length and substance of putzal music. As Beethovens major immediate predecessors and influences, he looked to their harmonic and formal models for his own works. However, both Mozart and Haydn placed the great lean of a musical campaign in the statement of ideas called the exposition, f or Beethoven the development section of a sonata form became the heart of the work. Beethoven was able to do this by making the development section not hardly longer, but overly more structured. The very long development section of the Eroica Symphony, for example, is divided into four near equal sections, making it, in effect, a sonata form within a sonata form. The first base movement unaccompanied of this symphony is as long as an entire typical Italian-style Mozart symphony from the 1770s. His focus on the developmentwould, like others of his innovations, set a trend that later composers would follow.Although Beethoven wrote many beautiful and lyrical melodies, other radical innovation of his music, compared especially to that of Mozart and Haydn, is his extensive use of forceful, marked, and plane stark roundic patterns throughout his compositions and, in particular, in his themes and motifs, just about of which are primarily rhythmic rather than melodic. Some of his m ost famous themes, much(prenominal) as those of the first movements of the three, Fifth, and Ninth symphonies, are primarily non-melodic rhythmic figures consisting of notes of a single chord, and the themes of the last movements of the Third and Seventh symphonies could more accurately be described as rhythms rather than as melodies.This use of rhythm was particularly well suited to the primacy of development in Beethovens music, since a single rhythmic pattern provoke more easily than a melody be taken through a succession of different, even remote, keys and harmonic regions while retaining and conveying an underlying unity. This allowed him to combine different features of his themes in a wide variety of ways, extending the techniques of Haydn in development (see Sonata Form).He also continued another trend towards bigger orchestras that went on until the first decade of the 20th century, and moved the center of the sound downwards in the orchestra, to the violas and the low er register of the violins and cellos, big(a) his music a heavier and darker feel than Haydn or Mozart. Gustav Mahler modified the orchestration of some of Beethovens music most notably the 3d and 9th symphonies with the idea of more accurately expressing Beethovens intent in an orchestra that had grown so much larger than the one Beethoven used for example, doubling woodwind parts to compensate for the fact that a innovational orchestra has so many more strings than Beethovens orchestra did. Needless to say, these efforts remain controversial. In his Fifth Symphony Beethoven introduced a striking motif, drawn from a late Haydn symphony, in the very opening bar, which he echoed in various forms in all four movements of the symphony.This is the first important occurrence of cyclic form. He was also fond of making usual what had antecedently been unusual in the Fifth Symphony, instead ofusing a stately minuet, as had been the norm for the dance movement of a four-movement work, h e created a dark march, which he used as the third movement and ran into the fourth without interruption. While one can point to previous works which had one or more of these individual features, his music, combined with the use of operatic scoring that he learned from Mehul and Cherubini, created a work which was altogether novel in effect too novel, in fact, for some critics of the time. On the other hand, his contemporary Spohr found the finale too baroque, though he praised the second movement as being in good Romantic style.His Ninth Symphony included a choir and solo voices in the 4th movement for the first time, and made extensive use of fugues, which were generally considered to be a different form of music, and again unusual in symphonies.He wrote one opera, Fidelio. It has been said that he wrote beautiful vocal music without regard for the limitations of human singers, treating the voice as if it were a symphonic instrument even though his conversation books note his d esire to make his music singable and include references that level that he had remembered his fathers singing lessons.Beethovens development and works are typically divided into three halts an early period in which his works show especially the influence of Mozart and Haydn a middle, mature period in which he developed his distinctive individual style, sometimes characterized as heroic and a late period, in which he wrote works of a highly evolved, individuated, sometimes fragmented and unorthodox style sometimes characterized as a priori and sublime, where he tried to combine the baroque ideas of Handel and Bach with his icons Mozart and Haydn. In his late years he called Handel my revered master.In contrast to Mozart, he labored heavily over his work, leaving intermediate drafts that provide substantial insight into his creative process. Early drafts of his Ninth Symphony used rough vertical marks on the score in place of actual notes, to indicate the structure he had in mind for the melody. Studies of his resume books show the working out of dozens of variations on a particular theme, changing themes to fit with an overall structure that evolved over time, and extensive sketching of counter-melodies.